法国政府承诺2028年替换大学录取平台Parcoursup：班级上限28人、取消836个裁员名额、新增15000个高校名额
法国政府 10 月 26 日在巴黎宣布一揽子教育让步措施，以平息持续数周的学生抗议：全国统一大学录取平台 Parcoursup 将于 2027 年大幅改革、2028 年被新系统整体替换。高等教育部长 Philippe Baptiste 在记者会上宣布上述时间表，并称 2027 年起高校须公开更详细的录取标准、应申请者要求说明拒录理由；他同时表示，平台替换需要议会立法配合。教育部长 Édouard Geffray 与 Baptiste 是在总理 Sébastien Lecornu 会见高中生与大学生代表之后公布这套方案的。
方案还包括：自 2027 学年起，最弱势高中（lycée）的「高一」年级（seconde）班级人数上限为 28 人，2028 年推广至全部高中；取消 2027 年预算中原定裁减的 836 个教职名额，另在公立高中新增 500 个教师岗位；拨款 50 亿欧元翻修中小学与大学建筑，其中 40 亿欧元以低息贷款形式提供给地区与地方政府用于初中与高中校舍；自 2027 年起高等教育新增 15,000 个名额，主要投向 BTS 与 IUT 等学制；学生助学金与通胀挂钩。Geffray 在记者会上称：「为回应高中危机所作的决定，没有一项是空头承诺。」
这轮抗议五周前从巴黎近郊 Créteil 的 Saint-Exupéry 高中开始，蔓延至巴黎、法兰西岛与全国各地，诉求集中于 Parcoursup 录取标准不透明、难以进入心仪课程、班级过度拥挤、校舍破旧与生活成本上涨。10 月 17 日，法国遭遇多年来最严重的骚乱：示威演变为纵火、冲击公共建筑（包括 Marseille 市政厅）、抢掠商铺与警民冲突，周末约 2,400 人被捕。上周六（10 月 24 日）的又一轮全国示威暴力程度下降，官方估计参加人数超过 40 万，主办方称接近 80 万。总统 Emmanuel Macron 10 月 26 日在 Marseille 表示，他已要求政府回应抗议运动源头上的「正当诉求」。
学生一方并未就此收兵。两个高中生团体的代表在会见 Lecornu 后对部分让步表示欢迎，但称抗议将继续：高中生代表之一 Louis Letoublon 对记者表示，诉求并未全部得到满足，「需要多久，我们就坚持多久」。下一轮示威定于 10 月 31 日举行，工会已号召 11 月 5 日全国罢工与抗议。
France Pledges to Replace Parcoursup Admissions Platform in 2028: Class Cap of 28, 836 Post Cuts Cancelled, 15,000 New Places
France's government announced a package of education concessions in Paris on October 26 to quell weeks of student protests: the national university admissions platform Parcoursup will be substantially reformed in 2027 and replaced outright by a new system in 2028. Higher Education Minister Philippe Baptiste announced the timetable at a news conference, saying that from 2027 institutions will have to publish more detailed selection criteria and explain rejections when applicants ask; he noted that replacing the platform requires legislation. Baptiste and Education Minister Édouard Geffray presented the package after Prime Minister Sébastien Lecornu met representatives of high school and university students.
The package also caps classes in the first lycée year (seconde) at 28 pupils from the 2027 school year in the most disadvantaged schools, extending to all lycées in 2028; cancels 836 teaching-post cuts planned in the 2027 budget and creates 500 additional teaching posts in public lycées; commits five billion euros to renovating school and university buildings, with four billion euros for collèges and lycées delivered as low-interest loans to regions and local authorities; adds 15,000 higher education places from 2027, mostly in BTS and IUT programmes; and indexes student scholarships to inflation. Geffray told the news conference that none of the decisions taken to respond to the high school crisis was an empty promise.
The protest movement began five weeks earlier at the Lycée Saint-Exupéry in Créteil, near Paris, and spread across the capital region and the country, driven by complaints about Parcoursup's unclear selection criteria, unequal access to preferred courses, overcrowded classrooms, run-down buildings and rising living costs. On October 17 France saw its worst unrest in years: demonstrations descended into fires, stormed public buildings including Marseille's City Hall, looted shops and clashes with police, with about 2,400 people arrested over that weekend. A further round of nationwide demonstrations on Saturday, October 24, was less violent; authorities estimated turnout at more than 400,000, while organizers put it at nearly 800,000. President Emmanuel Macron, visiting Marseille on October 26, said he had asked the government to address the legitimate demands at the root of the protest movement.
Student groups did not call off the movement. Two high school student groups welcomed some concessions but vowed to keep protesting after meeting Lecornu; Louis Letoublon, one of the student representatives, said not all demands had been met and that they would go on for as long as it takes. Further demonstrations are planned for October 31, ahead of nationwide strikes and protests called by labor unions for November 5.
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：图：2026 年 10 月 17 日法国抗议活动期间的游行人群（资料图，摄于本轮学生抗议浪潮期间）。图片：Maxlath 摄，CC BY-SA 4.0（Wikimedia Commons）。Photo: Protesters march during the October 17, 2026 demonstrations in France (file photo). Credit: Maxlath, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
