美国2024年诈骗报告损失125亿美元：FTC与FBI数据揭示华人社区为何成为重点目标
美国联邦贸易委员会（FTC）2025年3月发布的《消费者哨兵网络数据手册2024》显示，2024年全美消费者报告的诈骗损失达125亿美元，较2023年增长25%。联邦调查局（FBI）互联网犯罪投诉中心（IC3）同年收到投诉859,532件，报告损失166亿美元，创历史纪录；加州以96,265件投诉、约25.39亿美元损失居全美各州之首。FBI已发布专门针对在美华人社区的诈骗警告。本篇为《过来人·避坑地图》第一卷·防诈篇总论。
损失最高的类别：投资与冒充
FTC数据显示，2024年诈骗报告达260万件，其中38%报称有金钱损失，全部诈骗报告的中位数损失为497美元。按总损失排名，投资类诈骗以56.97亿美元居首，中位数损失9,196美元；冒充类诈骗是报告数第一的类别，全年845,806件，占全部报告的13%，总损失29.52亿美元，其中冒充政府机构一项就造成7.89亿美元损失，比2023年增加1.71亿美元。FTC对冒充类诈骗的定义是：骗子假冒恋爱对象、政府、求助的亲属、知名商家或技术支持专家来骗取钱财。
钱是怎么被转走的
按联系方式拆分，经社交媒体接触的报告中70%报称有损失，为所有联系方式中最高；社交媒体渠道总损失18.58亿美元，电话渠道损失9.48亿美元且中位数损失达1,500美元。按付款方式，银行转账或银行支付造成20.89亿美元损失，居各方式之首；加密货币付款损失14.17亿美元。FTC指出，以银行转账或加密货币付款的诈骗损失，超过所有其他付款方式的总和。
华人社区为何被盯上
FBI华盛顿外勤办公室2024年5月9日发布警告，专门拆解针对在美华人社区的骗局：作案者以中文沟通，先冒充美国公司或中国使领馆以小事来电，再转接冒充中国警察恐吓、监控，最终勒索电汇。这份警告同时备有简体与繁体中文版。IC3报告另显示，诈骗电汇的头号境外目的地是香港，全年3,043笔，其后为越南、墨西哥、菲律宾、印度与中国。语言隔阂、对「在原籍国涉案」的恐惧、以及不熟悉美国执法程序造成的信息差，是这类骗局反复得手的条件。
官方识别要点
FBI在警告中列明：陌生人来电指控你犯罪时，不提供个人或财务信息、不汇款、立即切断联系；来电显示是官方号码不等于官方行为，号码可以被伪装；自称中国当局者联系你，请联系当地FBI办公室——外国政府官员在美国合法执法，必须与美国联邦当局协调。
报案与举报通道
网络犯罪投诉：FBI互联网犯罪投诉中心 ic3.gov。消费者诈骗举报：FTC的 ReportFraud.ftc.gov，报称损失者会收到如何尝试追回钱款的后续步骤信息。身份盗窃：IdentityTheft.gov。加州居民可另向加州检察长办公室举报：oag.ca.gov/report。
来源：GSM·美国
关联：FBI 公布 Operation Blackout 战果：从海外诈骗园区查获逾170亿美元、捣毁20多个园区
关联：司法部新设国家反欺诈执法司：26-13号指令全面开打，盯上医疗、救济金与华人常遇的骗局
关联：加州总检察长发布加密诈骗防范资源 2025年全美网络诈骗损失209亿美元、加密诈骗占114亿
关联：冒充中国使领馆与警察诈骗四步链条：FBI拆解针对在美华人的恐吓骗局
关联：已经被骗汇款后怎么办：IC3止损链2024年处理3020件、冻结成功率66%
US Fraud Losses Reported in 2024 Hit $12.5 Billion: FTC and FBI Data Show Why Chinese Communities Are Being Targeted
Consumers in the United States reported $12.5 billion in fraud losses in 2024, up 25 percent from 2023, according to the Federal Trade Commission's Consumer Sentinel Network Data Book 2024, released in March 2025. The FBI's Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3) received 859,532 complaints the same year with reported losses of $16.6 billion, a record high. California ranked first among all states in both complaints (96,265) and losses (about $2.539 billion). The FBI has issued a warning aimed specifically at Chinese communities in the United States. This article is the overview of Volume One, the anti-fraud volume, of GSM's "Lessons Learned the Hard Way" series.
The costliest categories: investment and imposter scams
The FTC recorded 2.6 million fraud reports in 2024; 38 percent reported a monetary loss, and the median loss across all fraud reports was $497. By total losses, investment scams ranked first at $5.697 billion, with a median loss of $9,196. Imposter scams generated the most reports of any category — 845,806, or 13 percent of all reports — with total losses of $2.952 billion. Government impersonation alone accounted for $789 million, up $171 million from 2023. The FTC defines imposter scams as schemes in which criminals pose as a romantic partner, the government, a relative in trouble, a well-known business, or a technical support expert.
How the money leaves
Among reports that identified a contact method, 70 percent of those first contacted through social media reported a loss — the highest share of any channel. Social media contact led to $1.858 billion in losses, while phone contact caused $948 million in losses with a median loss of $1,500. By payment method, bank transfers or bank payments caused the largest losses at $2.089 billion, followed by cryptocurrency at $1.417 billion. The FTC noted that losses paid by bank transfer or cryptocurrency exceeded those of all other payment methods combined.
Why Chinese communities are targeted
On May 9, 2024, the FBI's Washington Field Office issued a warning dissecting a scam aimed at Chinese communities in the US: callers communicate in Chinese, first posing as a US company or a Chinese consulate or embassy over a minor matter, then transfer the victim to a fake Chinese police officer who intimidates and monitors the victim before extorting a wire transfer. The warning was published in English as well as Simplified and Traditional Chinese. IC3 data also show that Hong Kong was the top foreign destination for fraudulent wire transfers, with 3,043 transfers in 2024, followed by Vietnam, Mexico, the Philippines, India and China. Language barriers, fear of "being wanted in a case back home," and unfamiliarity with US law-enforcement procedures are the conditions these schemes exploit.
Official red flags
The FBI's warning states: if a stranger calls and accuses you of a crime, do not provide personal or financial information, do not send money, and break off contact immediately. A caller ID showing an official number does not make the call official — numbers can be spoofed. If someone claiming to be a Chinese authority contacts you, reach out to your local FBI office; foreign government officials conducting lawful enforcement in the United States must coordinate with US federal authorities.
Where to report
Internet crime complaints: the FBI's IC3 at ic3.gov. Consumer fraud reports: the FTC at ReportFraud.ftc.gov, where people who report a loss receive follow-up information on steps to try to recover money. Identity theft: IdentityTheft.gov. California residents may also file with the California Attorney General at oag.ca.gov/report.
Source: GSM·USA
Related: DOJ's New National Fraud Enforcement Division Issues Directive 26-13 in Sweeping Anti-Fraud Push
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：华盛顿特区的联邦贸易委员会（FTC）总部 Apex 大楼（Carol M. Highsmith 摄，公共领域，美国国会图书馆藏）— via Wikimedia Commons / The Apex Building, headquarters of the U.S. Federal Trade Commission in Washington, D.C. (Carol M. Highsmith, public domain, Library of Congress) — via Wikimedia Commons
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