跟进：西班牙最高法院法官确认撤销普伊格德蒙特逮捕令：驳回Vox上诉流亡近九年后回国不会被捕但正式特赦未定

马德里——据安纳多卢通讯社报道，加泰罗尼亚分离主义领导人卡莱斯·普伊格德蒙特（Carles Puigdemont）可以返回西班牙而不会被逮捕：西班牙最高法院一名法官周一（10月19日）确认，针对他的逮捕令已撤销。此时距他在一场失败的独立运动后逃离西班牙已近九年。法官巴勃罗·利亚雷纳（Pablo Llarena）维持了他10月6日的决定——撤销对普伊格德蒙特及前加泰罗尼亚政府成员安东尼·科明（Antoni Comin）和刘易斯·普伊格（Lluis Puig）的逮捕令，并驳回了极右翼Vox党的上诉。法官表示，宪法法院近期的一项裁定意味着，西班牙特赦法可以适用于他们的案件。该裁定源于前加泰罗尼亚劳工部长多洛斯·巴萨（Dolors Bassa）一案：宪法法院否定了最高法院对「与2017年独立公投相关的贪腐是否被排除在特赦法之外」的解释。利亚雷纳承认宪法法院的解释具有约束力，尽管他批评了其推理、并为最高法院此前的立场辩护。最高法院此前曾拒绝将特赦适用于普伊格德蒙特的贪腐指控，理由是所涉公款滥用涉及个人经济利益。不过，利亚雷纳强调，这一决定只涉及逮捕令，并不意味着普伊格德蒙特已被正式授予特赦；是否驳回对他的刑事诉讼，最终决定必须由最高法院刑事庭作出。普伊格德蒙特上周曾要求最高法院不再拖延地适用特赦法、彻底终结对他的诉讼。他没有公开评论周一的裁定；西班牙媒体援引消息人士的话说，他打算只在正式获得特赦后才返回西班牙。普伊格德蒙特在2017年加泰罗尼亚独立公投及随后的单方面独立宣言期间领导加泰罗尼亚地方政府，并于当年10月逃往比利时以逃避起诉。此后他一直居住在国外，不过曾在2024年8月短暂返回巴塞罗那向支持者发表讲话，随后再次离开、没有被捕。西班牙议会于2024年通过特赦法，此前首相佩德罗·桑切斯（Pedro Sanchez）领导的社会党与普伊格德蒙特的Junts党达成协议——该党在议会的支持帮助桑切斯在2023年大选后获得又一个任期。周一的裁定也正值桑切斯宣布11月29日提前举行大选后、西班牙政局不确定性上升之际。

Spanish Supreme Court Judge Confirms Puigdemont Arrest Warrant Withdrawn, Rejecting Vox Appeal: Exiled Leader Can Return After Nearly Nine Years Without Arrest, but Formal Amnesty Still Undecided

Madrid — Catalan separatist leader Carles Puigdemont can return to Spain without being arrested after a Supreme Court judge on Monday (October 19) confirmed the withdrawal of an arrest warrant for him, nearly nine years after he fled the country following a failed independence bid, Anadolu Agency reported.

Judge Pablo Llarena upheld his Oct. 6 decision to lift the arrest warrants for Puigdemont and former Catalan Cabinet Ministers Antoni Comin and Lluis Puig, rejecting an appeal by the far-right Vox party. The judge said a recent Constitutional Court ruling meant Spain's amnesty law could apply to their cases. The ruling follows a Constitutional Court decision in favor of former Catalan Labor Minister Dolors Bassa, which rejected the Supreme Court's interpretation of whether embezzlement linked to the 2017 independence referendum was excluded from Spain's amnesty law. Llarena acknowledged that the Constitutional Court's interpretation was binding, although he criticized its reasoning and defended the Supreme Court's previous position. The Supreme Court had previously refused to apply the amnesty to Puigdemont's embezzlement charge, arguing that the alleged misuse of public funds involved a personal financial benefit.

However, he stressed that the decision only concerned the arrest warrants and did not mean Puigdemont had been formally granted amnesty. A final decision on whether to dismiss the criminal proceedings against him must be made by the Supreme Court's criminal chamber. Last week, Puigdemont asked the Supreme Court to apply the amnesty law without further delay and definitively close the proceedings against him. He did not publicly comment on Monday's ruling, and Spanish media cites sources saying he intends to return only if he has been formally granted amnesty.

Puigdemont, who led Catalonia's regional government during its 2017 independence referendum and subsequent unilateral declaration of independence, fled to Belgium that October to avoid prosecution. He has remained abroad since then, although he briefly returned to Barcelona in August 2024 to address supporters before leaving again without being arrested. Spain's parliament approved the amnesty law in 2024 following an agreement between Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez's Socialist Party and Puigdemont's Junts party, whose parliamentary support helped Sanchez secure another term after the 2023 general election. Monday's ruling also comes amid political uncertainty in Spain after Sanchez called an early general election for November 29.

来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）

图片来源：普伊格德蒙特（左）与加泰罗尼亚议会主席 Josep Rull 合影资料图。照片：加泰罗尼亚议会（Parlament de Catalunya），CC BY，经维基共享资源。 / File photo: Carles Puigdemont (left) with Josep Rull, president of the Catalan parliament. Photo: Parlament de Catalunya, CC BY, via Wikimedia Commons.

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