特朗普签署第14398号行政令，要求联邦合同写入禁止承包商种族歧视性DEI活动的条款
2026年3月26日，美国总统特朗普在华盛顿白宫签署第14398号行政令《处理联邦承包商的 DEI 歧视》，援引《联邦财产与行政服务法》的授权，要求所有联邦机构把一条新条款写入政府合同及各级分包合同，禁止承包商从事该令所定义的种族歧视性 DEI 活动。
行政令把「带种族歧视的 DEI 活动」定义为：在招聘、用工（包括雇用与晋升）、承包（包括供应商协议）、项目参与或资源调配上，基于种族或族裔给予差别待遇；其中「项目参与」包括培训、导师与领导力发展项目、教育机会、俱乐部与协会等由承包商主办或设立的机会。各机构须在30天内确保合同与类合同文书、承包商的分包合同以及更下层分包合同都包含这条六点条款：承包商承诺不从事上述活动、按发包机构要求提供账册与记录以供核查合规、出现不合规时合同可被取消、终止或暂停且承包商可被取消承包资格、须报告分包商的违规行为、须告知涉及条款效力的诉讼，并确认合规与否对政府的付款决定具有实质性，牵涉《虚假申报法》。
在执行上，行政管理与预算办公室主任须发布指引，机构可据此取消或终止不合规的合同并对承包商作出暂停与取消资格处理，还须会同司法部长等官员识别风险较高的经济领域并发布补充指引；司法部长须考虑对违规承包商提起《虚假申报法》诉讼。各机构负责人须在120天内向总统国内政策助理报告本机构落实情况。联邦采购法规委员会须修订《联邦采购条例》纳入该条款，并在60天内发布偏离与临时指引。该令2026年3月31日刊于《联邦公报》。本文只报道行政令的机制与安排，令文中的政策判断表述从略。
Trump Signs Executive Order 14398 Requiring Federal Contracts to Bar Racially Discriminatory DEI Activities by Contractors
On March 26, 2026, President Donald Trump signed Executive Order 14398, "Addressing DEI Discrimination by Federal Contractors," at the White House in Washington. Issued under the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act, the order requires every federal agency to insert a new clause into government contracts and subcontracts at all tiers barring contractors from what the order defines as racially discriminatory DEI activities.
The order defines "racially discriminatory DEI activities" as disparate treatment based on race or ethnicity in recruitment, employment (including hiring and promotions), contracting (including vendor agreements), program participation, or the allocation or deployment of an entity's resources; "program participation" covers training, mentoring and leadership development programs, educational opportunities, clubs, and associations sponsored or established by the contractor. Within 30 days, agencies must ensure that contracts and contract-like instruments, including subcontracts and lower-tier subcontracts, include the six-point clause: the contractor agrees not to engage in such activities; to furnish information, books, records, and accounts so the agency can verify compliance; that noncompliance may lead to cancellation, termination, or suspension of the contract and debarment; to report subcontractor violations; to inform the agency of lawsuits putting the clause's validity at issue; and that compliance is material to the government's payment decisions for purposes of the False Claims Act.
For enforcement, the Director of the Office of Management and Budget is to issue guidance under which agencies may cancel or terminate noncompliant contracts and suspend or debar contractors, and, with the Attorney General and others, identify economic sectors at particular risk and issue additional guidance. The Attorney General is to consider False Claims Act actions against violating contractors. Each agency head must report on implementation to the Assistant to the President for Domestic Policy within 120 days. The Federal Acquisition Regulatory Council must amend the Federal Acquisition Regulation to include the clause and, within 60 days, issue deviation and interim guidance. The order was published in the Federal Register on March 31, 2026. This report covers the order's mechanisms and requirements; its policy characterizations are omitted.
来源：白宫
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：GSM 行政令统一模板（美国总统行政令）
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