特朗普签署行政令解密三起遇刺档案：肯尼迪案15天内交公开计划、其余45天
2025年1月23日，特朗普总统在华盛顿特区白宫签署第14176号行政令《解密有关约翰·F·肯尼迪总统、参议员罗伯特·F·肯尼迪与马丁·路德·金牧师遇刺事件的记录》，下令把联邦政府掌握的三起遇刺事件全部记录向公众公开。
行政令写道，三起遇刺事件过去50多年后，联邦政府仍未向公众公开其掌握的全部相关记录；遇难者家属与美国人民应当得到透明与真相，毫不拖延地公开全部记录符合国家利益。
关于程序，行政令第二条定下两个时限：国家情报总监与司法部长须在行政令发布后15天内，会同总统国家安全事务助理与总统法律顾问，向总统提交完整公开肯尼迪总统遇刺记录的计划；并须在45天内完成对罗伯特·肯尼迪与马丁·路德·金遇刺记录的审查，提交完整公开这两批记录的计划。
行政令回顾了肯尼迪档案的法律背景：《1992年肯尼迪总统遇刺记录收藏法》原要求相关记录在2017年10月26日前全部公开，除非总统证明继续推迟确有必要；特朗普在2017年与2018年曾接受机构提出的删节建议并下令持续复评，拜登政府其后在2021年、2022年与2023年多次出具证明、给予机构更多审查时间。
特朗普在行政令中认定，继续删节与扣留肯尼迪遇刺记录已不符合公众利益、公开早已逾期；尽管并无国会立法要求公开另外两起遇刺的记录，他同时认定公开联邦政府掌握的罗伯特·肯尼迪与马丁·路德·金遇刺全部记录同样符合公众利益。解密遇刺档案是特朗普竞选期间多次作出的承诺。
（来源：白宫）
Trump Signs Order to Declassify Kennedy, Robert F. Kennedy and King Assassination Records
On January 23, 2025, at the White House in Washington, D.C., President Donald Trump signed Executive Order 14176, "Declassification of Records Concerning the Assassinations of President John F. Kennedy, Senator Robert F. Kennedy, and the Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.," directing that all federal records relating to the three assassinations be released to the public.
The order states that more than 50 years after the assassinations, the Federal Government has not released to the public all of its records related to those events, that their families and the American people deserve transparency and truth, and that it is in the national interest to finally release all records related to these assassinations without delay.
Section 2 of the order sets two deadlines. Within 15 days, the Director of National Intelligence and the Attorney General, in coordination with the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs and the Counsel to the President, must present a plan to the President for the full and complete release of records relating to the assassination of President John F. Kennedy. Within 45 days, they must review the records related to the assassinations of Senator Robert F. Kennedy and the Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., and present a plan for the full and complete release of those records.
The order recounts the legal background of the Kennedy records: the President John F. Kennedy Assassination Records Collection Act of 1992 required all records related to the assassination to be publicly disclosed in full by October 26, 2017, unless the President certified that continued postponement was necessary. President Trump accepted proposed redactions in 2017 and 2018 while ordering continued re-evaluation; President Biden then issued certifications in 2021, 2022 and 2023 giving agencies additional time to review the records and withhold information.
In the order, Trump determined that the continued redaction and withholding of information from records pertaining to the assassination of President John F. Kennedy is not consistent with the public interest and that the release of the records is long overdue, and that although no Act of Congress directs the release of information on the other two assassinations, releasing all records in the Federal Government's possession pertaining to each of them is also in the public interest. Declassifying the assassination records was a pledge Trump made repeatedly during his campaign.
(Source: The White House)
来源：白宫
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：GSM 行政令统一模板（美国总统行政令）
GSM Global · 本篇英文版 English edition of this story
