埃塞俄比亚宣布首例马尔堡病毒病疫情，病例在南部Jinka镇经实验室确认
埃塞俄比亚卫生部于2025年11月14日宣布该国暴发马尔堡病毒病疫情，这是埃塞俄比亚首次报告此类疫情。此前，南埃塞俄比亚州Jinka镇出现一组疑似病毒性出血热病例，埃塞俄比亚公共卫生研究所国家参考实验室对患者样本进行分子检测后，确认检出马尔堡病毒。
世界卫生组织（WHO）在其疫情通报中记录了上述宣布过程与实验室确认结果。马尔堡病毒病是一种病毒性出血热，目前尚无获批的针对性治疗药物或许可疫苗，疫情应对以病例管理、监测与接触者追踪为主。
宣布疫情后，埃塞俄比亚卫生当局启动应急响应，世卫组织在疫情确认后24小时内启动紧急响应机制，支持由该国政府主导的应对工作。本稿仅报道11月14日宣布时的官方信息，后续病例数据以卫生部与世卫组织的后续通报为准。
Ethiopia Declares Its First Marburg Virus Disease Outbreak on November 14, Cases Laboratory-Confirmed in Jinka Town in the South
Ethiopia's Ministry of Health declared an outbreak of Marburg virus disease on November 14, 2025, the first time the country has reported such an outbreak. A cluster of suspected viral hemorrhagic fever cases had been identified in Jinka town in the South Ethiopia Regional State, and molecular testing by the National Reference Laboratory at the Ethiopian Public Health Institute identified Marburg virus in patient samples.
The World Health Organization (WHO) recorded the declaration and the laboratory confirmation in its disease outbreak reporting. Marburg virus disease is a viral hemorrhagic fever for which there are currently no approved therapeutics or licensed vaccines, so outbreak response centers on case management, surveillance, and contact tracing.
Following the declaration, Ethiopian health authorities activated their emergency response, and WHO activated its emergency response mechanisms within 24 hours of the outbreak confirmation in support of the government-led response. This report covers only the official information available at the November 14 declaration; subsequent case data will follow later Ministry of Health and WHO updates.
来源：世界卫生组织
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：马尔堡病毒颗粒电子显微镜图像。图像：美国疾控中心 Erskine Palmer 博士，公共领域，经 Wikimedia Commons / Electron micrograph of Marburg virus particles. Image: CDC / Dr. Erskine Palmer, public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
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