呼出气冷凝液可作肺微生物组样本：32份样本检出7个共有菌属 非小细胞肺癌研究
《科学报告》11月14日发表的一项可行性研究评估了呼出气冷凝液（EBC）能否作为肺部微生物组的无创样本来源。研究对象为非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）患者，研究由 Machnicki、Czarnecka-Chrebelska、Kordiak 等人完成，论文于7月14日投稿、11月4日被接受。
研究团队对32份 EBC 样本进行16S rRNA 基因宏条形码测序，并将其微生物组成与配对的肿瘤组织和邻近对照肺组织比较。结果显示，EBC 提供了足以进行基于16S rRNA 基因的微生物组分析的细菌序列数据。
分析发现，EBC 微生物谱中有一小部分但可检出的比例可归因于肺组织来源，七个菌属在所有分析的样本类型中共有。此前与肺部恶性肿瘤相关的优势菌属 Escherichia-Shigella 在 EBC 中可被持续检出。EBC 还显示出较高的细菌序列保留率，提示宿主 DNA 干扰的相对影响较低。
作者表示，这些发现为 EBC 作为肺部微生物组研究的无创材料提供了初步可行性信号；在考虑将其用于生物标志物开发或临床应用之前，还需要纳入健康对照的进一步研究。
Exhaled Breath Condensate as a Lung Microbiome Source: 32 Samples, Seven Shared Genera in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Study
A feasibility study published in Scientific Reports on November 14 evaluated whether exhaled breath condensate (EBC) can serve as a non-invasive source of lung microbiome profiles in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The study, by Machnicki, Czarnecka-Chrebelska, Kordiak and colleagues, was received on July 14 and accepted on November 4.
The team performed 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding on 32 EBC samples and compared their microbial composition with matched tumor and adjacent control lung tissues. EBC provided sufficient bacterial sequence data for 16S rRNA gene-based microbiome analysis.
A limited but detectable proportion of the EBC microbial profile could be attributed to lung-tissue sources, and seven genera were common across all analyzed sample types. Escherichia-Shigella, a predominant genus previously linked to lung malignancy, was consistently detectable in EBC. EBC also showed a higher bacterial sequence retention rate, suggesting a lower relative impact of host DNA interference.
The authors said the findings offer a preliminary signal of the feasibility of EBC as a non-invasive material for pulmonary microbiome research, and that further studies including healthy controls are required before EBC can be considered for biomarker development or clinical applications.
来源：《科学报告》
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：一幅肺癌的 CT 扫描影像，显示带空洞的病灶。作者：Jmarchn，CC0，维基共享资源。 / Photo: A CT scan image of lung cancer showing a cavitating lesion. Credit: Jmarchn, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons.
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