NASA公布国际空间站一周科研 宇航员收获拟南芥并为Dragon货运飞船装货
美国国家航空航天局（NASA）11月13日发布国际空间站一周工作通报。空间植物学和生物医学研究排满了第75远征队一周末段的科学日程，乘组同时继续为一艘美国货运飞船装货，准备其离站返回地球。
NASA飞行工程师 Luke Delaney 研究植物在微重力下如何生长和抵御疾病。他先在 Kibo 实验舱的多用途可变重力平台内收获拟南芥植株，随后在 Kibo 的生命科学手套箱中处理植物样本，保存后送回地球。NASA表示，结果可能帮助在航天器上种出更健康的植物，也可能改进地球上的农业抗病技术。
乘组还维护了一批用于研究地球重力下难以实现现象的设备。NASA飞行工程师 Anil Menon 在高级空间实验处理器4号中更换了装有样本的盒带和硬盘，该设备近期支持了制药和微生物学研究。NASA飞行工程师 Jessica Watkins 启动了学生设计的硬件，用于考察关键物理、化学和生物过程在微重力下的行为。
加拿大航天局飞行工程师 Joshua Kutryk 在 Watkins 协助下采集血样，离心后存入科学冷冻柜保存待分析。随后他在 Columbus 实验舱使用欧洲增强探索运动设备 E4D 完成了两次锻炼。NASA介绍，E4D是一种新的紧凑型运动设备，正在验证其支持前往月球、火星及更远任务乘组肌肉和骨骼健康的能力。
部分研究样本将随 SpaceX 的 Dragon 货运飞船返回地球，该船于10月15日抵达空间站。Menon 和 Watkins 周五共同把货物打包固定进 Dragon，飞船溅落在太平洋后由NASA和SpaceX人员回收。
俄罗斯航天局宇航员 Pyotr Dubrov 和 Anna Kikina 合作研究如何使用超级智能（SI）工具转录乘组语音报告供地面任务控制人员审阅。Dubrov还对 Zvezda 服务舱的舷窗做了摄影检查，Kikina用手臂、手腕和手指袖带测量血压，监测太空飞行对心血管系统的影响，飞行工程师 Sergey Teteryatnikov 则模拟了一次健康检查测试医疗监测设备，并把数据下传给地面医生。
关联：国际空间站第75远征队为 Dragon 货运飞船装载科学样本，细菌DNA与3D打印血管将返航
NASA Reports Week of Botany and Biomedicine Aboard the International Space Station
NASA reported on November 13 that space botany and biomedical research filled the scientific schedule aboard the International Space Station at the end of the week. Expedition 75 is also continuing to load a U.S. cargo spacecraft before its upcoming departure and return to Earth.
NASA flight engineer Luke Delaney investigated how plants grow and fight disease in microgravity. He began his shift harvesting thale cress plants grown inside the Kibo laboratory module's Multi-use Variable-g Platform, then treated plant samples inside Kibo's Life Science Glovebox for preservation and return to Earth. NASA said the results may lead to healthier plants grown on spacecraft and better agricultural techniques on Earth for stronger disease resistance.
The crew also serviced research gear designed to study phenomena difficult or impossible to achieve in Earth's gravity. NASA flight engineer Anil Menon swapped sample-containing cassettes and hard drives inside the Advanced Space Experiment Processor-4, which recently supported pharmaceutical and microbiology research. NASA flight engineer Jessica Watkins activated student-designed hardware that will examine how critical physical, chemical and biological processes behave in microgravity.
Flight engineer Joshua Kutryk of the Canadian Space Agency, assisted by Watkins, collected his blood sample, spun it in a centrifuge and stowed it in a science freezer for later analysis. He then conducted two workout sessions using resistance and rowing techniques on the European Enhanced Exploration Exercise Device, or E4D, in the Columbus laboratory module. NASA described the E4D as a new compact exercise device being investigated for its ability to support muscle and bone health on missions to the Moon, Mars and beyond.
Some research samples are being prepared for return to Earth aboard a SpaceX Dragon cargo spacecraft that arrived at the station on October 15. Menon and Watkins spent part of their Friday shift packing and securing cargo inside Dragon, which will be retrieved by NASA and SpaceX personnel after splashdown in the Pacific Ocean.
Roscosmos cosmonauts Pyotr Dubrov and Anna Kikina studied how to use super intelligence (SI) tools to transcribe crew audio reports for review by mission controllers on the ground. Dubrov conducted a photographic inspection of windows inside the Zvezda service module, Kikina measured her blood pressure using arm, wrist and finger cuffs to monitor spaceflight's effect on her cardiovascular system, and flight engineer Sergey Teteryatnikov tested a medical monitoring device by simulating a health check and downlinking the data to doctors on Earth.
来源：美国国家航空航天局
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：国际空间站上的植物培育实验硬件（Plant Habitat-02 实验记录照片）。作者：NASA Johnson Space Center，公共领域，维基共享资源。 / Photo: Plant research hardware aboard the International Space Station (Plant Habitat-02 documentation photo). Credit: NASA Johnson Space Center, public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.
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