文图拉县 San Buenaventura State Beach 罕见榄蠵龟巢被大浪冲毁：为该县首次有记录的自然筑巢
文图拉县，文图拉市 — 官员11月13日报告，San Buenaventura State Beach 上一处罕见的海龟巢在异常大浪和潮汐掀开巢址后损毁，巢址位于 Ventura Pier 附近。美国鱼类和野生动物管理局周五表示，该巢已经失去。
本月初，野生动物机构确认发现一处榄蠵龟巢。这是文图拉县有记录以来首次自然筑巢，也是该物种最北的巢址；榄蠵龟通常栖息在更南的墨西哥一带海域。
官员表示，即使巢未被掀开，文图拉海滩近期记录的沙温也远低于榄蠵龟通常所需的温度。研究显示，榄蠵龟幼龟在77至95华氏度的沙温下存活，而文图拉巢址记录的温度为64.4至72.5华氏度，低于该区间的胚胎不太可能存活。
就在文图拉发现该巢数周前，野生动物官员确认了美国西海岸有记录以来首次任何海龟物种的自然筑巢。9月，两只榄蠵龟在橙县筑巢：一只在 Seal Beach 附近挖巢产卵，数天后第二只在约8英里外的 Huntington Beach Pier 附近被发现筑巢。
9月下旬，官员表示危险的 surf 和高潮促使团队转移橙县两处巢的龟卵。生物学家收集了200多枚卵并送往长滩的 Aquarium of the Pacific，预计在控温环境中孵化，如可存活将于11月中旬左右出壳。
在文图拉，美国鱼类和野生动物管理局与加州州立公园的团队周五收集了部分龟卵，计划送往指定保存机构作科学评估；数据收集设备、围栏和标识也因海浪被移除。文图拉居民 Joel Racine 周五上午散步时看到团队拆除巢址周围的绳索和标识，他说巢址所在处看起来已被冲走。
海龟受《濒危物种法》保护。官员请社区成员如在海滩看到海龟，通知当地救生员或拨打 NOAA 西海岸搁浅热线562-506-4315报告。
图中是文图拉县 San Buenaventura State Beach 的海滩与海岸线
Rare Olive Ridley Sea Turtle Nest on San Buenaventura State Beach in Ventura County Lost Amid High Swell, the County's First Recorded Natural Nesting
Ventura, Ventura County — A rare sea turtle nest on San Buenaventura State Beach was lost after exceptionally high swell and tides exposed the spot near the Ventura Pier, officials reported on November 13. On Friday, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service said the nest was lost.
Early this month, wildlife agencies confirmed the discovery of an olive ridley sea turtle nest. It marked the first-ever recorded natural nesting in Ventura County and the northernmost nest for the species, which normally sticks to areas farther south in Mexico.
Officials said that even if the nest had been left unexposed, sand temperatures recently recorded on the Ventura beach were well below those typically needed by olive ridley turtles. Studies show olive ridley hatchlings survive at sand temperatures of 77 to 95 degrees Fahrenheit, while temperatures recorded at the Ventura nest were 64.4 to 72.5 degrees Fahrenheit, and embryos exposed below that mark are unlikely to survive.
Just weeks before the nest was first discovered in Ventura, wildlife officials confirmed the first-ever recorded natural nesting for any sea turtle species on the U.S. West Coast. Two olive ridley turtles nested in Orange County in September: the first was spotted digging a nest and laying eggs near Seal Beach, and days later a second turtle was discovered nesting near the Huntington Beach Pier, about 8 miles away.
In late September, officials said hazardous surf and high tides prompted a team to relocate eggs from the Orange County nests. Biologists collected more than 200 eggs and took them to the Aquarium of the Pacific in Long Beach, where they were expected to be incubated in a temperature-controlled environment and, if viable, to hatch around mid-November.
In Ventura, a team from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and California State Parks collected a portion of the eggs on Friday and planned to send them to a designated repository for scientific evaluation. The data collection equipment, fencing and signs were also removed because of the waves.
Ventura resident Joel Racine was on a walk Friday morning when he saw a team taking down ropes and signs around the nesting site, and said the spot where the nest had been looked washed away. Sea turtles are protected under the Endangered Species Act, and officials asked community members who see a sea turtle on the beach to notify local lifeguards or report the sighting to the NOAA West Coast Stranding Hotline at 562-506-4315.
来源：美国鱼类和野生动物管理局
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：文图拉县 San Buenaventura State Beach 的海滩与海岸线。来源：Wikimedia Commons — Junkyardsparkle, CC0，维基共享资源。 / Photo: The beach and coastline at San Buenaventura State Beach, Ventura County. Credit: Wikimedia Commons — Junkyardsparkle, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons.
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