日本政府协调把2027至2031财年五年防卫费定在60万亿日元规模：防卫省原测算为70万亿至80万亿
日本政府已经开始协调，拟把2027财年至2031财年五年间的防卫费总额定在60万亿日元规模。这一总额将配合今年年底修订的安保相关三文件，写进其中的《防卫力整备计划》。多名相关人士11月13日透露了这一消息。
政府内此前浮出的数字要大得多。防卫省按其认为必要的装备与体制单纯测算，规模达到70万亿至80万亿日元。作为对比，现行计划覆盖2023财年至2027财年，防卫费总额约为43万亿日元。但如果进一步增额，为确保财源就可能需要大幅增税，政府内要求回避大幅增税的意见占了上风，协调因此向60万亿日元规模倾斜。即便如此，税负仍有可能在一定程度上增加。美国特朗普政府正向盟国施压、要求增加防卫开支，60万亿日元的规模能否获得美方理解尚不透明。
下一期计划的支柱预计包括无人机的大量采购，以及为长期作战储备弹药和导弹。另一个焦点是，现行目标把防卫费与相关经费合计定为国内生产总值（GDP）的2%，这一目标将如何调整。此外，把退役自卫队员及其家属的支援措施一体推进的新机构设立方案，已浮出暂缓的主张。
日本首相高市早苗把强化防卫力作为招牌政策。防卫费最终总额预计在年底的预算编制与安保三文件修订过程中定案。
（来源：共同社）
Japan Tilts Toward a Five-Year Defense Total of Around ¥60 Trillion for FY2027-31, Below the Defense Ministry's ¥70-80 Trillion Estimate
Japan's government has begun coordinating toward setting the total defense budget for the five years from fiscal 2027 to fiscal 2031 at around ¥60 trillion. The total is to be written into the Defense Buildup Program, one of the three national security documents to be revised at the end of this year. Multiple officials disclosed the move on November 13.
The figures floated inside the government until now were far larger. The Ministry of Defense, tallying the equipment and force structure it considers necessary, had estimated ¥70 trillion to ¥80 trillion. The current plan, covering fiscal 2023 to 2027, totals roughly ¥43 trillion. But a further increase would likely require a large tax rise to pay for it, and opinion inside the government favouring avoidance of a big tax hike has prevailed, tilting the coordination toward the ¥60 trillion scale. Even so, the tax burden may still rise to some degree. The Trump administration is pressing allies to spend more on defense, and whether Washington will accept the ¥60 trillion scale is unclear.
The next plan is expected to centre on mass procurement of drones and on stockpiling ammunition and missiles for a long war. Another focus is how the current target, defense and related spending combined at 2 per cent of gross domestic product, will be revised. A proposal to create a new agency integrating support measures for retired Self-Defense Forces personnel and their families is now likely to be shelved.
Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi has made strengthening defense a signature policy. The final five-year total is expected to be settled during year-end budget drafting and the revision of the three security documents.
(Source: Kyodo News)
来源：共同社
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：位于东京市谷的日本防卫省总部（资料图）。N509FZ 摄，CC BY-SA 4.0，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: Headquarters of Japan's Ministry of Defense in Ichigaya, Tokyo (file photo). By N509FZ, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
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