欧洲多城呼吁欧盟全面禁售带过滤嘴香烟：称过滤嘴是「历史上最大的骗局之一」
布鲁塞尔、慕尼黑、都柏林、热那亚等多座欧洲城市近日加入「拒绝（塑料）过滤嘴」行动，呼吁欧盟全面禁止销售带过滤嘴的香烟，理由是塑料过滤嘴并无健康益处，而且是城市垃圾的最大来源之一。Politico 11月12日报道了这一行动。
参与的城市还包括捷克的 Hradec Králové 与荷兰海牙。这一行动由荷兰政府推动，海牙方面负责协调起草将提交欧盟机构的正式立场文件，参与方包括地方市政府、水务管理机构与环保团体。
行动组织者 Karl Berenfenger 称过滤嘴是误导性的产品，是「现代历史上最大的骗局之一」，认为它本就不该出现。布鲁塞尔方面估计，烟蒂约占该市所收集垃圾的三成；海牙每年清理烟蒂约花费200万欧元。
现行欧盟规则要求烟草公司出资清理烟蒂，行动方认为这一「生产者责任延伸」安排没能减少污染。荷兰政府委托研究机构 CE Delft 所做的研究也认为，现有措施难以实现环境泄漏减少七成的目标。世界卫生组织同样支持禁用或逐步淘汰过滤嘴，强调过滤嘴并无健康益处。
禁令议题可能在欧盟修订《烟草产品指令》时被纳入讨论，《一次性塑料指令》的修订也是另一条可能的路径。烟草业方面反对全面禁令，主张过滤嘴能减少烟气中某些成分的摄入，行业组织 Tobacco Europe 倾向于加强乱扔垃圾的执法，并改用替代过滤材料。
（来源：Politico）
European Cities Call on the EU to Ban Filtered Cigarettes, Calling Filters One of History's Biggest Scams
Brussels, Munich, Dublin, Genoa and other European cities have joined the No (Plastic) Filter campaign, calling on the European Union to ban the sale of filtered cigarettes outright on the grounds that plastic filters offer no health benefit and are one of the biggest sources of urban litter. Politico reported the campaign on November 12.
The participating cities also include Hradec Králové in Czechia and The Hague in the Netherlands. The campaign is driven by the Dutch government, with The Hague coordinating the drafting of an official position to be submitted to the EU institutions; participants include local municipalities, water authorities and environmental groups.
Campaign leader Karl Berenfenger called filters a misleading product and one of the biggest scams in modern history, saying the cigarette filter should never have appeared. Brussels estimates that cigarette butts account for about 30 percent of the waste it collects, while The Hague spends roughly 2 million euros a year cleaning them up.
The cities argue that the EU's current extended producer responsibility schemes, under which tobacco companies pay for butt cleanup, have failed to curb pollution. A study commissioned by the Dutch government from CE Delft likewise found existing measures unlikely to achieve the targeted 70 percent reduction in environmental leakage. The World Health Organization also supports banning or phasing out filters, emphasising that they provide no health benefit.
A ban could be considered during the EU's review of the Tobacco Products Directive, with the Single-Use Plastics Directive offering another possible route. Tobacco manufacturers oppose an outright ban, arguing that filters reduce exposure to certain smoke constituents; the industry group Tobacco Europe favours stronger litter enforcement and alternative filter materials.
(Source: Politico)
来源：Politico
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图片来源：图：柏林中央车站外电车站地面散落的烟蒂（资料图）。照片：Roy Zuo 摄，CC BY-SA 4.0，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: Cigarette litter at a tram stop outside Berlin central station (file photo). Photo by Roy Zuo, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
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