参议员科顿致函商务部长卢特尼克：要求把中国存储芯片企业长鑫存储列入实体清单
美国参议院情报委员会主席、阿肯色州共和党参议员 Tom Cotton 11月12日致函商务部长 Howard Lutnick，要求把中国存储芯片制造商长鑫存储（CXMT）列入美国商务部工业与安全局的实体清单，以限制其获得美国技术、技术支持与芯片制造设备。这封信由 CNBC 首先取得。
Cotton 在信中写道，长鑫存储是中国国家存储芯片主力企业之一，对美国的经济繁荣与军事优势构成日益增长的风险。他还指出，长鑫存储在中国的军民融合战略中扮演角色，其技术可能被用于对付美国军人。实体清单是美国出口管制的主要工具之一：企业一旦被列入，美国公司原则上不得在无许可证的情况下向其供货或提供美国技术。
长鑫存储目前是全球第四大 DRAM 制造商。据 Counterpoint 的数据，它的 DRAM 营收份额在一年间从2025年第二季度的4%升至2026年第二季度的10%，路透社曾报道其高带宽存储芯片产线的良率约在20%至30%之间。长鑫存储已经被列入美国国防部的1260H涉军企业名单，但布鲁金斯学会研究员 Kyle Chan 指出，那份名单对美国企业的商业往来限制远小于实体清单；长鑫存储正就1260H名单的认定在联邦法院提出挑战，称其与中国军方没有关联。今年7月，两名联邦众议员也曾敦促工业与安全局加快正式审查、把长鑫存储列入实体清单。
截至发稿，商务部尚未就 Cotton 的要求作出决定，列入实体清单需要经过工业与安全局的审查程序。国会同期正在审议多项进一步收紧对华芯片出口的法案，参议院银行委员会已经要求卢特尼克与英伟达前首席执行官黄仁勋在12月分别赴国会作证。
关联：众议院议长约翰逊：国会正形成限制对华芯片出口共识，黄仁勋预计一周内赴国会作证
关联：跟进：商务部长卢特尼克同意12月10日赴参议院银行委员会作证：发言人称主动自愿出席
Sen. Cotton Urges Commerce Secretary Lutnick to Put Chinese Memory Maker CXMT on the Entity List
Sen. Tom Cotton of Arkansas, the Republican chairman of the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, wrote to Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick on November 12 asking the department to place Chinese memory-chip maker ChangXin Memory Technologies (CXMT) on the Bureau of Industry and Security's Entity List, restricting its access to U.S. technology, technical support and chipmaking equipment. The letter was first obtained by CNBC.
In the letter, Cotton wrote that CXMT, one of China's national memory-chip champions, poses a growing risk to U.S. economic prosperity and military superiority. He also said CXMT plays a role in China's military-civil fusion strategy and that its technology could be used against American warfighters. The Entity List is one of Washington's principal export-control tools: once a company is listed, U.S. firms generally cannot supply it or provide U.S. technology without a license.
CXMT is the world's fourth-largest maker of DRAM. Its share of global DRAM revenue rose from 4 percent in the second quarter of 2025 to 10 percent in the second quarter of 2026, according to Counterpoint, and Reuters has reported yields of roughly 20 to 30 percent on its high-bandwidth memory line. CXMT already appears on the Defense Department's Section 1260H list of Chinese military companies, but Kyle Chan, a fellow at the Brookings Institution, notes that designation carries far fewer restrictions on U.S. business dealings than the Entity List. CXMT is challenging its 1260H listing in federal court, saying it has no ties to China's military. In July, two House members also urged the bureau to expedite a formal review of adding CXMT to the Entity List.
The Commerce Department has not announced a decision, and an Entity List designation requires a bureau review. Congress is weighing several bills to tighten chip exports to China further, and the Senate Banking Committee has asked Lutnick and former Nvidia chief executive Jensen Huang to testify at separate hearings in December.
Related: Speaker Johnson: A Consensus Is Forming in Congress to Limit Chip Exports to China
来源：美国参议院情报委员会
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：位于华盛顿的美国商务部总部大楼。GSM 固定图库照片。 / Photo: The U.S. Department of Commerce headquarters in Washington, D.C. GSM file photo.
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