《卫报》调查：阿富汗男医生不得为女患者看病的禁令已蔓延全国，女患者治疗被中途叫停
据英国《卫报》与阿富汗媒体 Zan Times 11月12日刊出的联合调查，尽管塔利班从未公开宣布过这样的限制，一项事实上禁止男医生为女性患者看病的禁令已经蔓延阿富汗全国；两家媒体对女性患者与医生的访谈显示，这项禁令正由塔利班安全力量通过突击检查与警告来执行。
调查记录的一个个案发生在阿富汗西部城市赫拉特：一名女患者在当地一家牙科诊所做到第三次治疗时被告知回家等电话，诊所称接到「扬善惩恶部」的命令，男牙医不得再为女性患者治疗；三个月过去，她的治疗仍未完成。牙医们告诉调查记者，塔利班安全人员会突击检查诊所，并警告男医生，若在诊所内发现女性患者将被监禁。
据调查，在阿富汗大多数省份，男医生都接到命令，不得直接为女性患者检查身体，只有少数例外情形，例如女性患者的男性监护人（mahram）在场，或某些处置由女性护士完成。在北部巴尔赫省，有官员今年5月要求所有医院、私人诊所与门诊用「Bibi」一词代替女性患者的真实姓名。
这一局面与女性医护人员的处境叠加：自2024年12月起，阿富汗女性失去了进入医疗培训机构学习的权利；受访医生称，医院还被禁止雇用女性员工，在职女性医生也被要求有男性监护人陪同。塔利班通讯部长 Hamdullah Nomani 今年2月曾表示，男医生在治疗女性患者时应被视为其监护人；但调查收集的证词与这一说法相矛盾。调查没有发现塔利班就这项事实上的禁令发布过任何公开文件。
（来源：卫报）
Guardian Investigation: De Facto Ban on Male Doctors Treating Women Has Spread Across Afghanistan
A joint investigation published on November 12 by The Guardian and the Afghan outlet Zan Times found that, although the Taliban has never publicly announced such a restriction, a de facto ban on male doctors treating female patients has spread across Afghanistan. Interviews with women and doctors indicate the ban is being enforced by Taliban security forces through raids and warnings.
One case documented in the investigation took place in the western city of Herat, where a woman attending her third session at a dental clinic was told to go home and wait for a call. The clinic said an order had come from the Ministry for the Propagation of Virtue and the Prevention of Vice stating that male dentists were no longer allowed to treat female patients. Three months on, her treatment remains unfinished. Dentists told the investigators that Taliban security forces raid clinics and warn male practitioners they will be imprisoned if female patients are found there.
According to the investigation, male doctors in most provinces have received orders not to examine female patients directly, with narrow exceptions such as the presence of the patient's male guardian (mahram) or having certain procedures performed by female nurses. In northern Balkh province, officials in May ordered all hospitals, private practices and clinics to use the word Bibi instead of women's actual names.
The restrictions compound the position of female health workers. Since December 2024, women have lost the right to study at medical institutes, doctors interviewed said hospitals had been banned from hiring female staff, and practising female doctors are required to have a mahram. In February, Taliban communications minister Hamdullah Nomani said male doctors would be considered mahram when treating female patients, but the testimonies gathered by the investigation run counter to that declaration. The investigation found no publicly announced Taliban document imposing the de facto ban.
(Source: The Guardian)
来源：卫报
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：阿富汗赫拉特街头身穿罩袍的妇女与孩子（资料图，已预裁为16:9横幅）。照片：Marius Arnesen，CC BY-SA 2.0，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: Women in burqas with children on a street in Herat, Afghanistan (file photo, pre-cropped to 16:9). Marius Arnesen, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
GSM Global · 本篇英文版 English edition of this story
