国际空间站第75远征队研究细菌如何适应微重力 样本下周乘龙飞船回地球
美国国家航空航天局（NASA）11月10日发布国际空间站第75远征队工作动态：在近地轨道运行的空间站上，乘组当天同时推进微生物研究、舱外服维护和货运飞船返航准备。飞行工程师 Anil Menon 与加拿大航天局宇航员 Joshua Kutryk 在日本「希望」号（Kibo）实验舱研究细菌如何适应微重力环境，相关成果关系到长期太空飞行中的乘员健康。
Menon 当天在生命科学手套箱内处理微生物样本，Kutryk 则在「和谐」号节点舱提取细菌 DNA。研究人员希望弄清细菌在太空中的变化，其中包括可能增强的抗生素耐药性。提取的样本将被冷冻保存，下周由 SpaceX「龙」货运飞船带回地球，供地面实验室进一步分析。宇航员 Jessica Watkins 当天协助整理「龙」飞船的货物，为其启程返航做准备；数周后，诺斯罗普·格鲁曼公司的「天鹅座」XL 货运飞船还将送来新的实验设备与补给。
空间站俄罗斯舱段方面，站长 Pyotr Dubrov 与飞行工程师 Anna Kikina 在一处小型研究舱内维护三套「奥兰」（Orlan）舱外服，为后续太空行走做准备。飞行工程师 Luke Delaney 则练习操作 Canadarm2 机械臂，并采集站内水样送回地面分析。第75远征队是空间站的长期驻留乘组，乘组在轨期间持续开展数百项科学实验与技术验证。
（来源：美国国家航空航天局）
Expedition 75 Crew Studies How Bacteria Adapt to Microgravity, Samples to Return on Dragon
NASA released an update on November 10 on the work of Expedition 75 aboard the International Space Station: orbiting in low Earth orbit, the crew advanced microbiology research, spacesuit maintenance and cargo return preparations on the same day. Flight engineers Anil Menon of NASA and Joshua Kutryk of the Canadian Space Agency studied how bacteria adapt to microgravity inside Japan's Kibo laboratory module, work that bears on crew health during long-duration spaceflight.
Menon processed microbial samples inside a life sciences glovebox while Kutryk extracted bacterial DNA in the Harmony module. Researchers want to understand how bacteria change in space, including the possibility of increased antibiotic resistance. The samples will be frozen and returned to Earth next week aboard a SpaceX Dragon cargo spacecraft for further analysis in ground laboratories. Astronaut Jessica Watkins helped prepare Dragon's cargo for its return trip, and in a few weeks a Northrop Grumman Cygnus XL freighter will deliver new hardware and supplies.
On the station's Russian segment, Commander Pyotr Dubrov and flight engineer Anna Kikina serviced three Orlan spacesuits in a mini research module ahead of future spacewalks. Flight engineer Luke Delaney practiced operating the Canadarm2 robotic arm and collected water samples for analysis on Earth. Expedition 75 is the station's long-duration resident crew, conducting hundreds of science experiments and technology demonstrations throughout its stay.
(Source: National Aeronautics and Space Administration)
来源：美国国家航空航天局
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：国际空间站在轨飞行（资料图）。NASA 约翰逊航天中心摄，Wikimedia Commons 图片（公共领域）。 / Photo: The International Space Station in orbit (file photo). Photo by NASA Johnson Space Center, via Wikimedia Commons (public domain).
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