年降水量140英寸的温带雨林：奥林匹克国家公园Hoh雨林冬季照常去，营地72个营位全年开放
位于华盛顿州奥林匹克半岛的奥林匹克国家公园西侧，藏着美国保存最完好的温带雨林之一，Hoh 雨林。国家公园管理局介绍，这里年平均降水量达140英寸（约3.55米），冬季正是多雨的季节，针叶和落叶树冠层层叠叠，苔藓和蕨类铺满每一块表面，配图里覆满苔藓的倒木就是雨林的日常景象。
去程从 US 101 号公路转 Upper Hoh Road 进入，离 Port Angeles 约两小时车程，离 Forks 不到一小时。雨林里的营地全年开放，共有72个营位，设在河边的原始林中，旺季全部营位可预订，可提前六个月在 recreation.gov 上订。
第一次去的人一般从游客中心旁的三条步道入手：苔藓大厅步道（Hall of Mosses）0.8英里环线，穿过挂满苔藓的枫树林；云杉自然步道1.2英里环线，沿 Taft Creek 和 Hoh 河走新老两代林；想走长线就上 Hoh River Trail，一路可走到17.3英里处的 Glacier Meadows，再到18.5英里处的 Blue Glacier 冰碛，背包过夜要另办荒野许可。
冬季去要先查两件事：游客中心夏季每天开放，1月到3月初关闭，春秋两季一般只开周五到周日，出门前看公园官网的最新时间；另外公园明确规定，Hoh 雨林的步道不许带宠物。林里常见的动物有 Roosevelt 麋鹿、黑熊和河獭，倒木养出的新树苗排成一线，是雨林自己更新的方式。（来源：国家公园管理局）
A Rain Forest With 140 Inches of Rain a Year: Visiting Olympic National Park's Hoh in Winter, With Its 72-Site Campground Open Year-Round
On the west side of Olympic National Park in Washington State, the Hoh Rain Forest is one of the finest remaining examples of temperate rainforest in the United States. The National Park Service puts its average precipitation at 140 inches (3.55 meters) a year, and winter is the wet season: a lush canopy of coniferous and deciduous trees, with mosses and ferns blanketing every surface, including the moss-covered fallen log in the photo.
The Hoh is reached by the Upper Hoh Road off Highway 101, about a two-hour drive from Port Angeles and under an hour from Forks. Its campground is open year round, with 72 sites in the old growth forest along the river; all sites are reservable during the peak season, with reservations available six months in advance at recreation.gov.
Most first visits start with the trails by the visitor center. The Hall of Mosses Trail is a 0.8-mile loop through old growth and a grove of maples draped with club moss. The Spruce Nature Trail is a 1.2-mile loop through old and new growth along Taft Creek and the Hoh River. The Hoh River Trail is the main backcountry route, reaching Glacier Meadows at 17.3 miles and the Blue Glacier moraine at 18.5 miles, with wilderness permits required for overnight trips.
Two checks matter for a winter trip. The visitor center is open daily in summer, closed January through early March, and generally open Friday through Sunday in spring and fall, so current hours should be confirmed before setting out. And pets are not allowed on trails in the Hoh Rain Forest. Roosevelt elk, black bears and river otters are commonly seen, and the straight lines of young trees growing on fallen nursery logs show how the forest renews itself. (Source: National Park Service)
来源：国家公园管理局
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：奥林匹克国家公园 Hoh 温带雨林里覆满苔藓的倒木与蕨类。Wikimedia Commons 图片。 / Photo: A moss-covered fallen log and ferns in the Hoh temperate rain forest in Olympic National Park. Image via Wikimedia Commons.
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