卢比奥警告国际刑事法院：若不改对非成员国国民的追诉、美或对其造成巨大打击
美国国务卿卢比奥 11 月 9 日在法国巴黎出席七国集团外长会议期间警告，如果国际刑事法院不改变对非成员国国民行使管辖权的做法，美国可能对该法院造成「巨大打击」。他说，美方用温和方式劝法院改革已有一年半，对方不愿改，美方将不得不换一种做法。
卢比奥对随行记者表示，这场争议的核心是管辖权，而不是某个具体的人：「今天是内塔尼亚胡，明天就会是某个美国人。」他说，美国不会接受任何一名美国军人或军事指挥官站到一个美国不是成员的「不合法法院」受审，并敦促希望避免美方行动的盟友去说服法院改弦更张，称盟友「还有机会」。他拒绝说明美方可能采取的具体措施，只表示：如果走到那一步，国际刑事法院的处境不会好。
这番警告之前，美国已在今年 10 月对国际刑事法院及其官员实施全面制裁，理由是该法院对美国与以色列人员展开调查。国际刑事法院 2024 年 11 月以涉嫌战争罪与反人类罪对以色列总理内塔尼亚胡与前国防部长 Yoav Gallant 发出逮捕令；美国与以色列都不是该法院的成员，法院则主张，对发生在成员国领土上的罪行，即使行为人是非成员国国民，法院也有管辖权，华盛顿不接受这一立场。
卢比奥没有具体谈及该法院对俄罗斯在乌克兰所涉战争罪的调查。法院 2023 年 3 月曾以涉嫌非法转移乌克兰儿童为由，对俄罗斯总统普京发出逮捕令。
关联：卢比奥会晤法国外长巴罗：提出美方对国际刑事法院的关切，谈霍尔木兹海峡航行自由与俄乌和平
Rubio Warns ICC: Change Course on Prosecuting Non-Member Nationals or U.S. Could Inflict 'Tremendous Damage'
U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio warned in Paris on November 9, during the G7 foreign ministers' meeting, that the United States could inflict "tremendous damage" on the International Criminal Court unless it changes its approach to prosecuting nationals of countries that have not joined the court. He told reporters that Washington had spent a year and a half trying to get the court to reform "a nice way," that it had not been willing to do so, and that the United States would have to try a different approach.
Rubio said the dispute was about jurisdiction rather than any individual: "Today it's Netanyahu, tomorrow it will be an American." He said the United States would not accept an American service member or commander standing trial before what he called an illegitimate court the country does not belong to, and he urged allies who want to avoid U.S. action to persuade the court to change course, saying they still had a chance. He declined to specify what measures Washington might take, saying only that the court would not be in good shape if it came to that.
The warning follows sweeping U.S. sanctions imposed on the court and its officials in October over investigations involving Americans and Israelis. The ICC issued arrest warrants in November 2024 for Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and former Defense Minister Yoav Gallant over alleged war crimes and crimes against humanity in Gaza. Neither the United States nor Israel is a member of the court, which maintains it can prosecute crimes committed on the territory of a member state, including by nationals of non-member countries, a position Washington rejects.
Rubio did not specifically address the court's investigations into Russian war crimes in Ukraine. The court issued an arrest warrant for Russian President Vladimir Putin in March 2023 over the alleged unlawful deportation of Ukrainian children.
来源：路透社
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：美国国务卿卢比奥官方肖像（资料图）。图：美国国务院，公共领域，经维基共享资源 / Official portrait of U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio (file photo). U.S. Department of State, public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
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