黑客组织称窃得俄罗斯统计局逾1100万份死亡证明数据：分析称逾41.2万份与战争明确相关，俄统计局否认数据库被攻破
莫斯科 — 两个黑客组织称，它们从俄罗斯联邦国家统计局（Rosstat）的内部系统窃得逾1100万份死亡证明记录，并据此推算俄方在对乌克兰战争中的死亡人数远高于莫斯科承认的数字。俄罗斯统计局承认其系统在10月29日至11月1日遭到有针对性的网络攻击，但否认数据库被攻破或有信息泄露。相关数据未经独立核实。
自称的攻击者是白俄罗斯反对派背景的「网络游击队」（Cyber Partisans）与乌克兰黑客组织 Silent Crow。两组织11月1日宣布攻破俄罗斯统计局系统，11月7日公布分析，并把数据提供给彭博社、《卫报》等少数媒体。它们称自己在该局网络内潜伏约六个月，接触约2.5万台电脑、取走约23太字节数据。
按两组织公布的分析，在2022年2月24日至2026年8月28日登记的死亡证明中，412,576份以死因代码或文字明确与战争相关，其中356,056份带有 ICD-10 的 Y36 代码（意为死于战争行动），38,229份带有作战相关表述或 Y89.1 代码。Silent Crow 用更宽的口径把总数算到450,100人，「网络游击队」只计明确归因于军事行动的记录、得393,881人。按年份计，数据中的战争相关死亡从2022年的18,877人升至2025年的182,264人；两组织都承认，由于死亡登记存在数月滞后，2026年的数字远未完整。
彭博社表示，无法以密码学方式独立证明这批数据库的真实性，但其审查发现数据的元数据与真实导出一致、未见伪造迹象。作为对照，独立俄语媒体 Mediazona 与 BBC 俄语组靠公开来源逐一确认姓名的统计，截至11月6日为285,881人，两家均称该数字不完整。俄罗斯官方自2022年9月以来没有再公布过本国军人死亡数字，并称独立估算不可靠。
（来源：彭博社）
Hackers Say Stolen Rosstat Data Contains Over 11 Million Death Certificates, With More Than 412,000 Explicitly Linked to the War; Rosstat Denies Its Databases Were Breached
MOSCOW — Two hacker groups say they stole more than 11 million death certificate records from the internal systems of Rosstat, Russia's Federal State Statistics Service, and that the records point to a Russian death toll in the war against Ukraine far above anything Moscow has acknowledged. Rosstat has acknowledged targeted cyberattacks on its systems between October 29 and November 1 but denies that its databases were compromised or that information leaked. The data has not been independently verified.
The claimed attackers are the Belarusian opposition-linked Cyber Partisans and the Ukrainian hacker collective Silent Crow. The groups announced the breach on November 1, published their analysis on November 7, and shared the data with Bloomberg News, The Guardian and a small number of other outlets. They say they were inside Rosstat's network for about six months, accessed about 25,000 computers and extracted roughly 23 terabytes of data.
According to the groups' published analysis, of the death certificates registered between February 24, 2022 and August 28, 2026, some 412,576 explicitly link the death to the war through cause-of-death codes or wording: 356,056 carry the ICD-10 code Y36, meaning death by operations of war, and 38,229 carry combat wording or code Y89.1. Using a broader method that includes non-combat deaths of service members and records with no stated cause, Silent Crow put the total at 450,100; the Cyber Partisans, counting only deaths the records tie explicitly to military operations, put it at 393,881. War-linked deaths in the dataset rose from 18,877 in 2022 to 182,264 in 2025, and both groups acknowledge the 2026 figures are far from complete because deaths can take months to register.
Bloomberg said it could not independently and cryptographically prove the authenticity of the database, but that its review found the metadata consistent with a genuine data export and no indicators of fabrication. For comparison, the independent Russian outlet Mediazona and BBC Russian, counting named individuals from public sources, had identified 285,881 Russian military deaths as of November 6, a count both describe as incomplete. Russia has not published its own military death toll since September 2022 and calls independent estimates unreliable.
(Source: Bloomberg News)
来源：彭博社
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：俄罗斯联邦国家统计局位于莫斯科伊兹迈洛沃公路44号的大楼。toiida 摄，CC0，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: The Rosstat building at 44 Izmaylovskoye Highway in Moscow, by toiida, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons.
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