《科学》论文：西伯利亚2800年前古墓头发检出大麻成分，人类使用大麻的直接证据提前至约公元前8世纪初
一项2026年11月5日发表于《科学》（Science）期刊的研究报告称，研究人员在西伯利亚南部一座约2800年前的古墓中，找到了人类使用大麻的迄今最早直接证据。
该墓葬名为 Tunnug 1，2017年由考古人员发掘，位于靠近蒙古边境的俄罗斯境内，与曾游牧于欧亚草原的斯基泰人有关，墓中葬有多名高地位人士。研究团队在墓中发现大麻种子遗存，并对保存下来的古人头发进行分析，在发丝中检出四氢大麻酚（THC）的降解产物大麻醇（CBN）。THC 为大麻的主要精神活性成分。放射性碳测年显示，种子可追溯至公元前8世纪初，与墓葬的建造年代大致相同。
论文第一作者为瑞士伯尔尼大学与德国马克斯·普朗克地球人类学研究所的考古学家吉诺·卡斯帕里（Gino Caspari）。研究团队在论文中写道，该研究呈现了大麻使用的最早直接证据：古墓中作为随葬品的植物部分与古人头发中检出的化学成分。此前，大麻精神活性使用的最古老证据约为2500年前，来自中国西部帕米尔东部的吉尔赞喀勒墓地（约公元前500年）。
Science Paper: Cannabis Compounds Found in Hair From a 2,800-Year-Old Siberian Tomb Push Direct Evidence of Cannabis Use Back to About the Early Eighth Century B.C.E.
A study published on November 5, 2026, in the journal Science reported that researchers had found the earliest direct evidence yet of human cannabis use, in a tomb about 2,800 years old in southern Siberia.
The tomb, called Tunnug 1, was discovered by archaeologists in 2017 in Russia near the border with Mongolia and is associated with the Scythians, a nomadic, horse-riding culture that occupied the Eurasian steppe. It contained the remains of several high-status individuals. The research team found cannabis seed remains in the tomb and analysed preserved human hair from the burial, detecting cannabinol (CBN), a byproduct of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the primary psychoactive compound in cannabis, in the strands. Radiocarbon dating traced the seeds to the early eighth century B.C.E., around the same time the burial site is believed to have been constructed.
The paper's lead author is Gino Caspari, an archaeologist at the University of Bern in Switzerland and the Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology in Germany. The researchers wrote that the study presents the earliest direct evidence of cannabis use: offerings of plant parts and chemical compounds in ancient human hair recovered from the monumental tomb. Before this discovery, the oldest evidence for cannabis consumption for psychoactive purposes was roughly 2,500 years old, from the Jirzankal Cemetery (about 500 B.C.E.) in the eastern Pamirs in western China.
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/humans-may-have-been-getting-high-on-weed-2800-years-ago-cannabis-seeds-and-hair-with-traces-of-thc-were-found-in-an-ancient-tomb-180989829/ （《科学》2026年11月5日论文报道，含论文作者与期刊信息）
科学
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图片来源：Wikipedia/Wikimedia Commons 词条主图：Cannabis
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