基拉韦厄第56次熔岩喷发落幕：喷泉高达200米，山顶重新膨胀
位于夏威夷州夏威夷县的基拉韦厄火山，山顶喷发又完成一轮。美国地质调查局夏威夷火山观测站11月6日的每日更新说，第56次熔岩喷发已经结束，喷泉最高约660英尺（约200米），喷发结束后山顶已经重新开始膨胀。
观测站记录，这一轮喷发于11月5日中午12时10分开始，当天下午6时01分停止，持续不到6小时。喷泉只来自哈莱茂茂（Halemaʻumaʻu）火山口的北侧喷口，高度在下午1时30分到2时之间达到峰值。倾斜仪数据推算，本轮共喷出约800万立方码（约600万立方米）熔岩，峰值喷出率约每秒530立方米，新熔岩覆盖了火山口底部西部与北部的大片区域，并伸入东端。
喷发期间，强劲的东北风把火山碎屑吹向西南，主要落进夏威夷火山国家公园的关闭区域；喷发羽流升到海拔约18,000英尺（约5,500米），11号公路沿线与帕哈拉（Pāhala）一带只见微量「贝利的头发」状火山玻璃落下。喷泉时段山顶的二氧化硫排放量通常在每天约10万吨的量级。
喷发一结束，山顶倾斜仪随即转为膨胀，观测站说这是典型的喷发后恢复形态，按以往各轮的规律，下一轮熔岩喷泉可能要在数周之后。11月6日更新时，基拉韦厄的火山警戒级别维持在 WATCH，航空色码维持 ORANGE。这轮间歇喷发自2024年12月23日开始，喷口位于哈莱茂茂火山口内，每次喷泉一般持续不到12小时，间隔在两周以上，活动一直限于公园关闭区域内。（来源：美国地质调查局）
Kilauea Episode 56 Ends After Lava Fountains Reach 660 Feet; Summit Reinflating
Kilauea volcano in Hawaii County, Hawaii, has completed another round of its summit eruption. The U.S. Geological Survey's Hawaiian Volcano Observatory reported in its November 6 daily update that episode 56 of lava fountaining has ended, with fountains reaching about 660 feet (200 meters), and the summit is now reinflating.
The episode began at 12:10 p.m. on November 5 and shut off abruptly at 6:01 p.m., lasting less than six hours. Fountaining was limited to the north vent in Halemaʻumaʻu crater and peaked between 1:30 and 2 p.m. Tiltmeter data indicate the episode erupted approximately 8 million cubic yards (6 million cubic meters) of lava, at a peak effusion rate of about 530 cubic meters per second, covering much of the western and northern crater floor with new flows that reached into its eastern end.
Strong surface winds from the northeast carried tephra fallout to the southwest, primarily into the closed area of Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park, while the eruption plume reached 18,000 feet (5,500 meters) above sea level and only trace fallout of Pele's hair was reported west of the summit along Highway 11 and in the town of Pāhala. During fountain episodes, the summit's sulfur dioxide emission rate is typically about 100,000 tonnes per day.
Inflationary tilt resumed the moment fountaining ended, in what the observatory called a typical post-fountaining recovery, and based on previous episodes the next lava fountaining is likely several weeks away. In the November 6 update, Kilauea's volcano alert level remained at WATCH and its aviation color code at ORANGE. The episodic eruption has been under way since December 23, 2024, from vents within Halemaʻumaʻu crater; fountaining episodes generally last less than 12 hours, separated by pauses of two or more weeks, within a closed area of the national park. (Source: U.S. Geological Survey)
来源：美国地质调查局
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：基拉韦厄火山哈莱茂茂火山口北侧喷口的熔岩喷泉（2025年5月第20次喷发资料图）。美国地质调查局 K. Mulliken 摄（公共领域）。 / Photo: Lava fountaining from the north vent in Halemaʻumaʻu crater during episode 20 in May 2025 (file photo). USGS photo by K. Mulliken, public domain.
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