感恩节11月26日临近，美国农业部火鸡解冻日程表发布：冷藏解冻每4至5磅需1天，16至20磅火鸡最迟11月21日入冰箱
华盛顿报道—2026年感恩节为11月26日（星期四）。美国农业部食品安全检验局（FSIS）的火鸡解冻指南（相关页面于11月5日更新）列出三种安全解冻方式：冷藏、冷水与微波，并给出按重量计算的日程，家庭可据此倒推入冰箱的日期。
据农业部指南，冷藏解冻为推荐方式：冰箱须保持在华氏40度或以下，整鸡连原包装置于托盘上，每4至5磅约需24小时—4至12磅需1至3天，12至16磅需3至4天，16至20磅需4至5天，20至24磅需5至6天；解冻完成后还可在冰箱再存放1至2天。以11月26日感恩节倒推，16至20磅的火鸡最迟应于11月21日（星期六）移入冰箱，20至24磅的应于11月20日开始。
冷水解冻每磅约30分钟：火鸡须装入防漏袋、浸没于冷自来水中、每30分钟换一次水，4至12磅需2至6小时，16至20磅需8至10小时，解冻后须立即烹饪。微波解冻须按设备说明书的尺寸、功率与时间操作，同样须立即烹饪。农业部明确，火鸡不得在台面、车库或热水中解冻；留在台面超过两小时的包装，其外层会进入华氏40至140度的「危险区」，细菌可快速繁殖。烹饪时火鸡中心温度须达华氏165度，以食品温度计在胸部最厚处、翅根与腿根三处测量为准。如有疑问，可拨打农业部肉类与家禽热线 1-888-674-6854（工作日东部时间上午10时至下午6时，感恩节当天上午8时至下午2时）。
Thanksgiving Falls on November 26: USDA Thawing Clock Allows One Day per 4 to 5 Pounds, Putting a 16-to-20-Pound Turkey in the Fridge by November 21
WASHINGTON — Thanksgiving in 2026 falls on Thursday, November 26. Guidance from the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS), updated on November 5, lists three safe ways to thaw a turkey — in the refrigerator, in cold water, or in the microwave — with a weight-based timetable households can count back from the holiday.
Under the USDA guidance, refrigerator thawing is the recommended method: keep the fridge at 40°F or below, leave the bird in its original wrapping on a tray, and allow about 24 hours for every 4 to 5 pounds — 1 to 3 days for 4 to 12 pounds, 3 to 4 days for 12 to 16 pounds, 4 to 5 days for 16 to 20 pounds and 5 to 6 days for 20 to 24 pounds. Once thawed, the turkey keeps for another 1 to 2 days in the fridge. Counted back from November 26, a 16-to-20-pound turkey should move into the refrigerator by Saturday, November 21, and a 20-to-24-pound bird by November 20.
Cold-water thawing takes about 30 minutes per pound: the turkey must be in a leak-proof bag, submerged in cold tap water changed every 30 minutes — 2 to 6 hours for 4 to 12 pounds and 8 to 10 hours for 16 to 20 pounds — and cooked immediately afterwards. Microwave thawing follows the appliance manual for size, power and timing, and also means cooking immediately. The USDA states that a turkey must never be thawed on the counter, in the garage or in hot water; a package left out for more than two hours can sit in the 40°F to 140°F "Danger Zone" where bacteria multiply quickly. The cooked turkey must reach 165°F, measured with a food thermometer in the thickest part of the breast, the innermost part of the wing and the innermost part of the thigh. Questions can go to the USDA Meat and Poultry Hotline at 1-888-674-6854, staffed weekdays from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. Eastern and on Thanksgiving Day from 8 a.m. to 2 p.m. Eastern.
来源：美国农业部
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：感恩节烤火鸡。（Wikimedia Commons，CC BY-SA 4.0） / Photo: A Thanksgiving roast turkey. (Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0)
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