加州司法部公布沙斯塔山警员涉入枪击报告：不开罪、提六项整改建议
位于加利福尼亚州锡斯基尤县的沙斯塔山（Mount Shasta）一宗警员涉入枪击案有了调查结论。加州总检察长罗布·邦塔（Rob Bonta）11月6日依据州议会第1506号法案（AB 1506）发布报告：2023年12月25日，沙斯塔山警察局一名警员在美铁（Amtrak）列车上开枪，乘客尼古拉斯·戴特韦勒（Nicholas Detweiler）死亡。加州司法部经全面调查后认定，证据不支持对涉事警员提起刑事指控。
邦塔说：「生命的逝去总是悲剧，我们希望这份报告能为亲历者以及沙斯塔山更大的社区带来清晰交代。加州司法部致力于与执法机构合作，建立一个促进公平、透明与问责的法律体系。」
报告还原了事发经过：2023年12月25日，美铁工作人员报警求助，要求把乘客戴特韦勒带离一列南行的城际列车，因为他正挥舞指节铜环（brass knuckles）。沙斯塔山警察局一名警员登车接触看似睡着的戴特韦勒，唤醒他并下达命令。两人随即发生扭打，警员先后动用了泰瑟枪和警棍。在短暂对峙中，警员拔出手枪，戴特韦勒则以指节铜环武装自己；数秒后，戴特韦勒转身抬臂要用指节铜环殴打一名助理列车员，警员连开多枪，击中戴特韦勒和该名列车员。戴特韦勒伤重不治，列车员幸存。
AB 1506要求加州司法部调查所有导致手无寸铁平民死亡的警员涉入枪击事件。司法部认定，证据不能排除合理怀疑地证明涉事警员在开枪时并非出于自卫、或保护他人免受其合理认为迫在眉睫的死亡或重伤威胁，因此证据不足以支持刑事起诉，本案不再采取进一步行动。
报告同时提出六项政策建议：沙斯塔山警察局应在可行时就接触对象前的形势评估与战术规划提供更多培训；就电控装置（含泰瑟枪）的有效使用提供更多培训；修订其降级冲突政策，在可行时要求使用降级技巧以符合州法；就把沟通作为有效降级策略提供更多培训；就与应对持械对象的警员沟通、尤其在人手不足的班次，为调度员提供更多培训；以及修订政策，要求警员开枪前注意射击背景，并评估其培训课程是否需要修改，以确保警员受过充分训练、尽量降低对周围旁观者的风险。
（来源：加州司法部）
California DOJ Releases Report on Mount Shasta Officer-Involved Shooting, Finds No Basis for Charges
An officer-involved shooting in Mount Shasta, Siskiyou County, California, has reached its investigative conclusion. California Attorney General Rob Bonta on November 6 released a report under Assembly Bill 1506 (AB 1506) on the death of Nicholas Detweiler from an officer-involved shooting in Mount Shasta on December 25, 2023. The incident involved an officer from the Mount Shasta Police Department (MSPD). After a thorough investigation, the California Department of Justice (DOJ) concluded the evidence does not support filing criminal charges in this case.
"The loss of life is always tragic, and we hope that this report provides those personally affected and the greater Mount Shasta community with clarity," said Attorney General Bonta. "The California Department of Justice is committed to working with law enforcement agencies to foster a legal system that promotes fairness, transparency, and accountability for all."
According to the report, on December 25, 2023, Amtrak personnel called for law enforcement's assistance to remove passenger Nicholas Detweiler from a southbound intercity Amtrak passenger train because he was brandishing brass knuckles. An MSPD officer boarded the train and contacted Mr. Detweiler, who appeared to be asleep. The officer woke him and began giving him commands. The two men then engaged in a struggle in which the officer deployed both his Taser and baton. During a brief standoff, the officer drew his handgun and Mr. Detweiler armed himself with brass knuckles. Seconds later, Mr. Detweiler spun around and raised his arm to punch an Assistant Conductor with the brass knuckles. The officer fired multiple rounds, striking both Mr. Detweiler and the conductor. Mr. Detweiler died of his injuries while the conductor survived.
AB 1506 requires DOJ to investigate all incidents of officer-involved shootings resulting in the death of an unarmed civilian in the state. DOJ concluded that the evidence does not show, beyond a reasonable doubt, that the officer acted without the intent to defend themselves and others from what they reasonably believed to be imminent death or serious bodily injury. Therefore, there is insufficient evidence to support a criminal prosecution of the officer, and no further action will be taken in this case.
The report identifies six policy recommendations: that MSPD provide additional training on assessing a situation and developing a tactical plan prior to contacting subjects, when feasible; additional training on the effective use of electronic control devices, including TASERS; amend its de-escalation policy to require de-escalation techniques when feasible, to comply with state law; additional training on communication as an effective de-escalation strategy; additional training for dispatchers on communication with officers responding to armed subjects, especially during shifts with low staffing; and amend its policy to require officers to be aware of their backdrop before discharging a firearm, and evaluate its training curriculum to determine whether modifications are needed to minimize risks to bystanders.
(Source: California Department of Justice)
来源：加州司法部
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：加州锡斯基尤县的沙斯塔山与锡斯基尤湖。Radomianin 摄，CC BY-SA 4.0，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: Mount Shasta and Lake Siskiyou in Siskiyou County, California. Photo by Radomianin, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
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