美国10月非农就业增加16.5万：失业率4.1%，专业服务与医疗领涨
美国劳工统计局11月6日发布《就业形势》报告（USDL-26-1632）：2026年10月全美非农就业增加16.5万人，失业率为4.1%，与此前大体持平。
10月就业增幅高于过去12个月的月均增幅4.8万人。失业率自今年3月以来一直保持在4.1%至4.3%的窄幅区间内，10月全美失业人数为710万人。
分行业看，专业和商业服务业增加7.0万个岗位，远高于过去12个月的月均增幅1.5万个，其中专业、科学和技术服务增加3.3万个，行政支持与废物管理服务增加2.8万个。医疗保健业增加4.2万个，高于月均3.1万个，其中医院增加1.6万个、家庭健康护理服务增加1.1万个。运输和仓储业增加2.5万个，其中快递与递送服务增加1.7万个；制造业增加1.9万个；政府部门增加0.6万个；休闲和酒店业减少1.3万个；其余主要行业变化不大。
此前数据的修订方面，8月就业增幅由13.3万人上修至18.6万人，9月由2.9万人上修至6.0万人，两个月合计比此前报告多出8.4万人。
薪资方面，私营非农部门全体雇员平均时薪10月环比上涨0.4%、增加14美分至38.00美元，同比上涨3.1%；平均每周工时保持在34.4小时。劳动力参与率为61.9%，就业人口比为59.3%，两项均变化不大。长期失业者（失业27周或以上）为200万人，占失业总人数的27.6%。
劳工统计局表示，2026年11月《就业形势》报告定于12月4日（周五）美东时间上午8时30分发布。
（来源：美国劳工统计局）
U.S. Payrolls Rise by 165,000 in October as Unemployment Rate Holds at 4.1%
The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics released its Employment Situation report (USDL-26-1632) on November 6: total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 165,000 in October 2026, and the unemployment rate was 4.1 percent, changed little from prior months.
The October gain was higher than the average monthly gain of 48,000 over the prior 12 months. The unemployment rate has remained in a narrow range of 4.1 to 4.3 percent since March, and the number of unemployed people stood at 7.1 million in October.
By industry, professional and business services added 70,000 jobs, well above its prior-12-month average monthly gain of 15,000; within the sector, professional, scientific, and technical services added 33,000 and administrative and support and waste management services added 28,000. Health care added 42,000 jobs, above its average monthly gain of 31,000, with hospitals adding 16,000 and home health care services 11,000. Transportation and warehousing added 25,000 jobs, including 17,000 in couriers and messengers; manufacturing added 19,000; government added 6,000; leisure and hospitality lost 13,000; and employment showed little change in the other major industries.
Revisions were upward: the August gain was revised up from 133,000 to 186,000, and the September gain from 29,000 to 60,000, leaving employment in August and September combined 84,000 higher than previously reported.
On pay, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose by 14 cents, or 0.4 percent, to $38.00 in October, up 3.1 percent over the year. The average workweek held at 34.4 hours. The labor force participation rate was 61.9 percent and the employment-population ratio was 59.3 percent, both little changed. The number of long-term unemployed (jobless for 27 weeks or more) was 2.0 million, accounting for 27.6 percent of all unemployed people.
The Bureau of Labor Statistics said the Employment Situation for November 2026 is scheduled for release on Friday, December 4, 2026, at 8:30 a.m. Eastern Time.
(Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics)
来源：美国劳工统计局
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：美国劳工统计局总部所在地、位于华盛顿的 Postal Square Building。AgnosticPreachersKid 摄，CC BY-SA 3.0，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: Postal Square Building in Washington, D.C., headquarters of the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Photo by AgnosticPreachersKid, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
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