美国10月非农就业增加16.5万个：失业率4.1%、前两月合计上修8.4万个
美国劳工统计局（BLS）2026年11月6日上午在华盛顿发布2026年10月就业形势报告：全美非农就业岗位当月增加16.5万个，明显高于过去12个月平均每月4.8万个的增幅；失业率微降至4.1%，失业人数为710万人，自今年3月以来失业率一直在4.1%至4.3%的窄幅区间内波动。
分行业看，专业和商业服务业增加7万个岗位，远高于过去12个月平均每月1.5万个的增幅，其中专业、科学与技术服务业增加3.3万个，行政与支持及废物管理修复服务业增加2.8万个，企业管理业增加9000个；该行业自2025年10月的近期低点以来已累计增加26.9万个岗位。
医疗保健业增加4.2万个岗位，高于过去12个月平均每月3.1万个的增幅，其中医院增加1.6万个，家庭医疗服务增加1.1万个，门诊护理中心增加5000个。运输和仓储业增加2.5万个，主要来自快递和信使业增加1.7万个、航空运输业增加4000个；该行业自今年2月的近期低点以来已累计增加10.4万个岗位。制造业继续上行，增加1.9万个，自2025年12月的近期低点以来累计增加10.1万个，其中计算机和电子产品制造业增加7000个。采矿、建筑、批发、零售、信息、金融、社会救助、休闲和酒店、其他服务业与政府部门当月变化不大。
工资方面，私营非农部门全体员工平均时薪当月上涨14美分、涨幅0.4%，至38.00美元，过去12个月累计上涨3.1%；生产与非监督岗位员工平均时薪上涨12美分至32.75美元。平均每周工时保持34.4小时不变，制造业工时为40.5小时，加班工时微升0.1小时至3.1小时。
家庭调查方面，劳动参与率为61.9%，就业人口比为59.3%，两项指标自今年1月以来变化不大。因经济原因从事兼职工作的人数当月增加33.9万人至480万人，这些人本希望从事全职工作，但因工时被削减或找不到全职岗位而只能兼职。长期失业者（失业27周及以上）为200万人，占全部失业人口的27.6%。
劳工统计局同时上修前两个月数据：8月增幅上修5.3万个、由13.3万个升至18.6万个；9月增幅上修3.1万个、由2.9万个升至6万个；两个月合计比此前报告多出8.4万个。下一份就业形势报告（2026年11月数据）定于12月4日上午8时30分（美东时间）发布。（来源：美国劳工统计局）
U.S. Payrolls Rise 165,000 in October as Unemployment Rate Slips to 4.1 Percent
The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) reported in Washington on November 6, 2026, that total nonfarm payroll employment rose by 165,000 in October, well above the average monthly gain of 48,000 over the prior 12 months, while the unemployment rate changed little at 4.1 percent, with 7.1 million people unemployed. The jobless rate has remained in a narrow range of 4.1 percent to 4.3 percent since March.
Professional and business services added 70,000 jobs, well above its prior-12-month average of 15,000 a month, with gains in professional, scientific and technical services (+33,000), administrative and support and waste management and remediation services (+28,000) and management of companies and enterprises (+9,000). The industry has added 269,000 jobs since a recent low in October 2025.
Health care added 42,000 jobs, above its 31,000 monthly average over the prior year, with hospitals up 16,000, home health care services up 11,000 and outpatient care centers up 5,000. Transportation and warehousing added 25,000 jobs, led by couriers and messengers (+17,000) and air transportation (+4,000), and has added 104,000 jobs since a recent low in February. Manufacturing employment rose 19,000 and is up 101,000 since a recent low in December 2025, led by computer and electronic product manufacturing (+7,000). Employment changed little in mining, construction, wholesale and retail trade, information, financial activities, social assistance, leisure and hospitality, other services and government.
Average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose 14 cents, or 0.4 percent, to $38.00, and are up 3.1 percent over the year. Earnings for production and nonsupervisory employees rose 12 cents to $32.75. The average workweek held at 34.4 hours; in manufacturing it was 40.5 hours, with overtime edging up 0.1 hour to 3.1 hours.
The labor force participation rate was 61.9 percent and the employment-population ratio 59.3 percent, both little changed since January. The number of people working part time for economic reasons rose by 339,000 to 4.8 million. Long-term unemployment stood at 2.0 million, accounting for 27.6 percent of all unemployed people.
BLS also revised August payrolls up by 53,000, from 133,000 to 186,000, and September up by 31,000, from 29,000 to 60,000, a combined 84,000 more jobs than previously reported. The Employment Situation for November 2026 is scheduled for release on Friday, December 4, at 8:30 a.m. ET. (Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics)
来源：美国劳工统计局
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：位于华盛顿的美国劳工部总部 Frances Perkins 大楼（劳工统计局隶属劳工部）。美国劳工部，CC BY 2.0，Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: The Frances Perkins Building, headquarters of the U.S. Department of Labor in Washington, home department of the Bureau of Labor Statistics. U.S. Department of Labor, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
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