巴林借伊朗战争打压什叶派教士：5月至6月逮捕逾50人，20家人权组织指酷刑逼供
路透社11月6日报道，巴林当局借伊朗战争之机，对国内什叶派教士展开打压：今年5月至6月逮捕了50多名教士与宗教演说者，指控他们企图运营恐怖组织、煽动叛乱、推翻巴林统治秩序，并得到伊朗伊斯兰革命卫队的协助。
巴林检方称，这些教士宣扬信众服从伊朗最高领袖，意在颠覆国家。被捕教士的家属与律师否认指控，称当局试图将信仰本身定罪，否认他们曾谋求推翻国家或为伊朗行事。另有约12人因涉嫌声援针对美国与以色列目标的袭击，被判处5至10年监禁；批评者称，另有69名伊朗裔巴林公民被剥夺国籍。该案预计11月8日宣判，巴林王国正严防抗议。
11月6日，包括人权观察与巴林权利与民主研究所在内的20家人权组织发表联合声明，指该案存在酷刑、逼供与其他违反正当程序的行为。声明说："这场大规模起诉引发对针对巴林什叶派社区宗教生活与领导层的宗教迫害的严重关切。"
巴林公共安全局长塔里克·哈桑中将在接受路透社采访时说："我们面对的是一种要求服从伊朗领导层高于巴林主权的意识形态。"他同时否认巴林针对什叶派公民，称"其中大多数是守法、忠诚的公民"。
巴林是海湾地区最小的国家，位于伊朗对岸，由逊尼派家族统治，人口多数为什叶派。美国与以色列2月28日发动伊朗战争后，伊朗以无人机与导弹回击包括巴林在内的海湾邻国。路透社援引西方外交官与海湾官员的话说，伊朗对巴林的袭击"准确得令人不安"：一枚导弹击中一家酒店，而美军人员此前不久刚从驻地撤至该酒店—该驻地为美国海军第五舰队司令部所在地。路透社报道称，美军打击致伊朗最高领袖身亡后，部分巴林人在社交媒体上为针对美国目标的袭击叫好，进一步触动当局。
巴林一度走向缓和：2024年王室特赦释放了数百名因政治活动入狱的囚犯，同年巴林与伊朗开始谈判恢复外交关系—两国自2016年断交。路透社指出，眼下的打压逆转了这一缓和趋势。巴林曾于2011年镇压民主抗议，数百名抗议者与活动人士入狱，反对党被取缔。
Bahrain Uses Iran War to Crack Down on Shi'ite Clerics: More Than 50 Arrested Since May
Bahrain's authorities have used the Iran war to launch a crackdown on Shi'ite Muslim clerics at home, arresting more than 50 clerics and religious orators between May and June, Reuters reported on November 6. The authorities accuse them of trying to run a terrorist group that sought to incite rebellion and overthrow the country's ruling order with help from Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps.
Bahrain's public prosecution said the clerics aimed to do this by promoting followers' subordination to Iran's supreme leader. Relatives and lawyers for the clerics deny the charges, saying the authorities are trying to criminalize belief, and deny that they sought to overthrow the state or acted on behalf of Iran. Around a dozen people have been sentenced to between five and 10 years in prison for allegedly expressing support for attacks on U.S. and Israeli targets, and critics say 69 citizens of Iranian heritage have been stripped of citizenship. A verdict in the case is expected on November 8, and the kingdom is bracing for potential protests.
On November 6, twenty rights groups including Human Rights Watch and the Bahrain Institute for Rights and Democracy released a statement raising allegations of torture, coerced confessions and other due process violations in the case. "This mass prosecution raises serious concerns about religious persecution targeting the religious life and leadership of Bahrain's Shia community," the statement said.
"We are confronting an ideology that demands obedience to Iran's leadership above Bahrain's sovereign authority," Lt. Gen. Tariq Al Hassan, head of Bahrain's Public Security agency responsible for internal security, told Reuters in an interview. He denied that Bahrain targets Shi'ite citizens, "most of whom are law-abiding and loyal citizens," he said.
Bahrain is the smallest Gulf nation, lying just across the water from Iran. It is ruled by a Sunni Muslim family but populated mostly by Shi'ites. When the United States and Israel launched the Iran war on February 28, Tehran responded by raining drones and missiles on neighbouring Gulf states, including Bahrain. The strikes were worryingly accurate, Western diplomats and Gulf officials told Reuters, hitting a hotel shortly after U.S. military personnel arrived there after fleeing their base, home to the U.S. Navy's Fifth Fleet. Reuters reported that after U.S. strikes killed Iran's supreme leader, social media posts from some Bahrainis praising attacks seen as targeting U.S. interests further alarmed the authorities.
Bahrain had been moving toward detente: the government freed hundreds of prisoners jailed for political activity through royal pardons in 2024, and the same year Bahrain and Iran began talks to restore diplomatic relations, severed since 2016. Reuters noted that the current crackdown has reversed that trend. Bahrain crushed pro-democracy protests in 2011, jailing hundreds of protesters and activists and banning opposition parties.
来源：路透社
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：巴林首都麦纳麦天际线。图片来源：Zairon／Wikimedia Commons，CC BY-SA 4.0。 / Photo: Skyline of Manama, Bahrain. Photo: Zairon / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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