「不屈法国」发布总统竞选纲领：梅朗雄承诺退出北约、把主要国防企业国有化
巴黎——法国左翼政党「不屈法国」11月6日正式发布其总统竞选纲领，党首梅朗雄（Jean-Luc Mélenchon）的竞选著作《共同的未来》同日出版。纲领在国防与外交上提出：法国立即退出北约一体化军事指挥机构，其后分阶段退出北约组织本身；拒绝美国提出的北约成员国把国防开支提高到国内生产总值5%的要求；把包括阿丽亚娜集团（ArianeGroup）在内的主要国防企业收归国有；停止太空军备竞赛。
纲领主张法国实行「不结盟」外交，自称以和平为宗旨。关于乌克兰，纲领没有提及对基辅的军事援助问题——与明确主张停止援乌的极右翼国民联盟不同，该党并未宣布终止援助；文本提出建立外交框架以实现停火和俄军撤出，并重新召开有俄罗斯参加的巴黎会议，商讨欧洲新秩序。纲领外交部分以加沙战争为重心，指责法国当局对加沙局势放任不管（此为该党纲领的表述）。
在欧洲问题上，纲领明确排除退出欧盟：该党议员塔谢（Aurélien Taché）表示「在任何情形下都不考虑退出欧盟」，但提出在环保、社会、预算等规则阻碍其政策时将「不服从」相关欧盟规则，包括3%赤字上限、自由贸易协定与移民公约。更详细的国防政策文件预计稍后公布。
法国将于2027年举行总统选举。近期民调显示，梅朗雄有望进入第二轮投票，与极右翼领导人勒庞（Marine Le Pen）对决。退出北约是梅朗雄多年来的既定主张，他今年5月宣布参选时即表示，若当选总统，法国将离开北约；此次是这一立场首次写入该党正式发布的竞选纲领。
（来源：不屈法国党）
France Unbowed Unveils Presidential Programme: Mélenchon Pledges NATO Withdrawal and Nationalisation of Major Defence Firms
Paris — France's left-wing party La France Insoumise (France Unbowed) formally released its presidential election programme on November 6, the same day its leader Jean-Luc Mélenchon's campaign book, L'Avenir en commun, was published. On defence and foreign policy, the programme pledges that France would immediately withdraw from NATO's integrated military command and then, in stages, from the alliance itself; rejects the United States' demand that NATO members spend 5 percent of GDP on defence; nationalises major defence companies including ArianeGroup; and halts the space arms race.
The programme advocates a 'non-aligned' French diplomacy that it describes as serving peace. On Ukraine, it does not address military assistance to Kyiv — unlike the far-right National Rally, the party does not explicitly propose ending such aid — and instead calls for a diplomatic framework to achieve a ceasefire and a Russian troop withdrawal, and for reconvening a Paris conference, with Russian participation, on a new European order. Its foreign-policy chapter centres on the Gaza war and accuses the French authorities of allowing the situation there to unfold unchecked, in the programme's own wording.
On Europe, the programme rules out leaving the European Union: lawmaker Aurélien Taché said an EU exit is not envisaged 'in any scenario,' while proposing that France 'disobey' EU rules it finds blocking — including the 3 percent deficit cap, free-trade agreements and the migration pact — whenever necessary. A more detailed defence policy document is expected later.
France holds its presidential election in 2027. Recent polls suggest Mélenchon could reach the second-round runoff against far-right leader Marine Le Pen. Leaving NATO is a long-standing Mélenchon position — he said in May, when announcing his candidacy, that France would leave the alliance if he became president — but this is the first time it has been written into the party's formally published election programme.
(Source: La France Insoumise)
来源：不屈法国党
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：「不屈法国」领导人梅朗雄（2026年5月，资料图）。CC BY 4.0，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: La France Insoumise leader Jean-Luc Mélenchon in May 2026 (file photo). CC BY 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
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