死亡谷魔鬼洞鳉鱼秋季普查得137条：较去年秋季69条翻倍以上，仍属全球最稀有鱼类之一
死亡谷，加利福尼亚州 — 美国国家公园管理局发布，调查人员在 10 月 10 日的秋季普查中数得 137 条濒危的魔鬼洞鳉鱼，接近今年春季 77 条的两倍，也超过 2025 年秋季记录的 69 条的两倍。公园管理局称，这一增长对这种全球最稀有的鱼类之一而言是令人鼓舞的迹象。
魔鬼洞鳉鱼只生活在死亡谷国家公园内魔鬼洞一处注满水的石灰岩洞穴中。秋季普查期间，国家公园管理局与美国鱼类及野生动物管理局的潜水员与水面计数人员，在洞穴深处以及鳉鱼摄食与产卵的浅层石灰岩架上同步观察记录。
公园管理局介绍，2025 年 3 月至 2026 年 2 月间，科学家共向魔鬼洞放流 72 条人工繁育的鳉鱼。该物种平均寿命只有 10 至 14 个月，生物学家据此认为，秋季普查数得的 137 条中，大多数是在魔鬼洞内孵化长大的。
公园管理局同时表示，该种群仍然脆弱。10 月 9 日，近 3000 英里外巴拿马发生的一次地震后，生物学家最初观察到鳉鱼出现应激迹象，后续探访时发现其状态已较为健康。放流的鳉鱼来自美国鱼类及野生动物管理局灰沼泽鱼类保育设施与国家公园管理局的合作项目。
（来源：美国国家公园管理局）
Devils Hole Pupfish Fall Count Reaches 137, More Than Double Last Fall’s 69, Though the Species Remains One of the World’s Rarest Fish
Death Valley, California — The National Park Service reported that survey teams counted 137 endangered Devils Hole pupfish during an October 10 population survey, nearly double the 77 fish observed in spring 2026 and more than double the 69 recorded in fall 2025. The Park Service called the increase an encouraging sign for one of the world rarest fish.
The Devils Hole pupfish lives only in Devils Hole, a deep, water filled limestone cavern within Death Valley National Park. During the fall survey, scuba divers and surface counters from the National Park Service and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service observed fish in the depths of the cavern and along the shallow limestone shelf where they feed and spawn.
Between March 2025 and February 2026, scientists released 72 captive raised pupfish into Devils Hole, the Park Service said. Given the species average lifespan of just 10 to 14 months, biologists believe most of the 137 fish observed during the fall survey hatched and grew in Devils Hole.
The population remains vulnerable, the Park Service said. Following an October 9, 2026, earthquake in Panama, nearly 3,000 miles away, biologists initially observed signs of stress in the fish but found them in healthier condition during a subsequent visit. The released fish came from a program involving the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Ash Meadows Fish Conservation Facility and the National Park Service.
(Source: U.S. National Park Service)
来源：美国国家公园管理局
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：魔鬼洞鳉鱼。照片：公共领域（美国国家公园管理局），经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: A Devils Hole pupfish. Public domain (U.S. National Park Service), via Wikimedia Commons.
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