欧盟初步认定 TikTok「兔子洞」推荐机制违反《数字服务法》：须改设计，否则或面临全球年营收6%罚款
布鲁塞尔——欧盟委员会11月6日发布初步认定：TikTok 的「为你推荐」（For You）信息流设计违反欧盟《数字服务法》，其推荐机制形成的「兔子洞效应」可能损害用户心理健康，尤其是未成年人与心理脆弱的成年人；TikTok 若不改设计、且认定最终被确认，可能面临最高相当于全球年营业额6%的罚款。
委员会指出，该算法会根据用户的每一次滑动与点赞不断推送同类视频，使用户一步步陷入难以脱身的同类内容流，其中包括有关悲伤、孤独与身材形象的内容，可能加重焦虑、降低自尊，甚至恶化既有的进食障碍与心理问题。委员会认为，TikTok 没有充分评估这一机制的风险，也没有采取相称、合理、有效的缓解措施。
主管技术主权、安全与民主的委员会执行副主席 Henna Virkkunen 表示，今天的初步认定再次表明，TikTok 必须加大力度保护用户福祉，包括未成年人的福祉。TikTok 则回应称，委员会的认定「根本不准确，歪曲了我们平台的架构与我们对用户安全的承诺」。
按程序，TikTok 现在可以查阅委员会的调查档案并书面答辩；若委员会最终确认其观点，将作出不合规决定并可处以罚款。此案是欧盟2024年2月对 TikTok 立案调查的一部分，委员会此前已就「成瘾性设计」与未成年人隐私保护两度发布初步认定。（来源：欧盟委员会）
关联：
西弗吉尼亚州总检察长麦卡斯基宣布起诉TikTok：指控推荐算法诱使儿童持续使用且未向家长披露安全漏洞
EU Preliminarily Finds TikTok's 'Rabbit Hole' Feed in Breach of the Digital Services Act: Change the Design or Face a Fine of Up to 6% of Global Turnover
Brussels — The European Commission issued preliminary findings on November 6 concluding that the design of TikTok's 'For You' feed breaches the European Union's Digital Services Act: the so-called 'rabbit hole effect' of its recommender system can harm users' mental health, especially that of minors and vulnerable adults. If TikTok does not change the design and the findings are confirmed, it could face a fine of up to 6 percent of its total worldwide annual turnover.
The Commission said the algorithm interprets every scroll and like as a signal to serve more of the same, leading users step by step into continuous streams of similar content — including videos about sadness, isolation and body image — that can increase anxiety, lower self-esteem and worsen existing eating disorders and mental-health problems. It found that TikTok had not adequately assessed those risks or put proportionate, reasonable and effective mitigation measures in place.
Henna Virkkunen, the Commission's executive vice-president for tech sovereignty, security and democracy, said the preliminary findings show again that TikTok needs to step up its efforts to protect users' well-being, including those of minors. TikTok replied that the Commission's findings are 'fundamentally inaccurate and distort our platform's architecture and our commitment to user safety.'
TikTok may now examine the Commission's investigation file and reply in writing. If the Commission confirms its views, it will adopt a non-compliance decision that can carry the fine. The case is part of a broader investigation into TikTok opened in February 2024, in which the Commission has already issued preliminary findings on 'addictive design' features and on the privacy of minors' accounts. (Source: European Commission)
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来源：欧盟委员会
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：位于布鲁塞尔的欧盟委员会总部贝尔莱蒙大楼。照片 CC0，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: The Berlaymont building, headquarters of the European Commission in Brussels. CC0, via Wikimedia Commons.
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