环保署2026年汞清单：汞化合物进口大降99%、美国产品汞用量近乎减半
美国环境保护署（EPA）11月6日发布《2026年汞清单报告》，汇总美国汞的供应、使用与贸易情况。报告采用2024日历年的数据，帮助 EPA、研究人员、业界与公众了解汞使用的整体趋势，以及汞还留在哪些商业环节之中。
报告的主要数字显示，美国的汞供应、使用与贸易整体在下降：美国制造产品中使用的汞减少48%，在美国销售的产品中使用的汞减少58%，元素汞制造的总报告量减少56%，汞化合物的进口量减少99%。
EPA 说明，汞是一种持久性神经毒素，在环境中不会分解、可造成严重健康问题，因此该署追踪每一种尚存的用途。目前仍有少数有限用途留在某些制造工艺与部分电气设备部件中，EPA 表示将继续推动减少与替代这些用途。
这份2026年报告的数据将帮助美国履行《水俣公约》——这项全球条约旨在保护人类与环境免受汞暴露。报告汇总了2024年提交的数据，涵盖进口汞、美国制造的汞、进口与国产的含汞产品，以及制造过程中使用的汞，并呈现美国汞的储存、销售与出口情况和涉及的行业与贸易伙伴。
背景方面，EPA 于2017年3月发布首份汞供应、使用与贸易清单，2018年6月27日发布最终规则，为《有毒物质控制法》（TSCA）下的三年期清单建立报告要求，数据直接来自使用、制造或进口汞及含汞产品的企业；2020年报告是规则落地后的首份清单，2023年与本次2026年报告延续了更完整的背景报告要求。（来源：美国环境保护署）
EPA 2026 Mercury Inventory: Mercury Compound Imports Down 99%, Mercury in U.S. Products Nearly Halved
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) on November 6 published the 2026 Mercury Inventory Report on the supply, use, and trade of mercury in the United States. The report presents data for calendar year 2024 and helps the EPA, researchers, industry, and the public understand overall trends in mercury use, including where mercury still remains in commerce.
The headline figures show that the supply, use, and trade of mercury in the United States are declining overall: mercury used in products made in the United States fell 48 percent, mercury used in products sold in the United States fell 58 percent, the total amount reported for the manufacture of elemental mercury fell 56 percent, and imports of mercury compounds fell 99 percent.
The EPA notes that mercury is a persistent neurotoxin that does not break down in the environment and can cause serious health problems, which is why the agency tracks every remaining use. A small number of limited uses remain in certain manufacturing processes and in some components of electrical equipment, and the EPA says it continues to work to reduce and replace those uses as alternatives become available.
Data in the 2026 report will help the United States implement the Minamata Convention on Mercury, a global treaty that protects people and the environment from exposure to mercury. The report presents combined 2024 data submitted on imported mercury, mercury manufactured in the United States, imported and domestically made mercury-added products, and mercury used in manufacturing processes, and also provides a broad view of U.S. mercury stored, sold, and exported, as well as the industry sectors and trading partners involved.
For background, the EPA published its initial mercury inventory in March 2017 and a final rule on June 27, 2018, establishing reporting requirements to support triennial inventories under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), with data coming directly from companies that use, manufacture, or import mercury or mercury-added products. The 2020 report was the first inventory published after the rule was finalized, and the 2023 and 2026 reports continued its more extensive contextual reporting requirements. (Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency)
来源：美国环境保护署
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：美国环保署总部威廉·杰斐逊·克林顿联邦大楼（华盛顿，固定图库）。Moreau1 摄，公共领域，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: EPA headquarters, the William Jefferson Clinton Federal Building in Washington (file photo). By Moreau1, public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.
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