宾夕法尼亚州流行性出血热致数百头鹿死亡 暖秋让蠓虫11月仍传播
宾夕法尼亚州华盛顿县消息：宾夕法尼亚州西南部一种常致死的鹿病今年秋季持续蔓延，11月仍有新发病例。州狩猎委员会野外主管马特·克拉默11月6日表示，流行性出血热已在华盛顿县北部、阿勒格尼县西部和比弗县全境造成数百头鹿死亡。
流行性出血热和蓝舌病病毒由蠓虫传播，通常在秋季第一次硬霜冻后停止传播，但今年温暖的秋季让蠓虫存活时间延长。克拉默说，11月5日当地气温高达82华氏度，一些地区没有出现足够强的霜冻，这是他19年职业生涯中见过疫情持续最晚的一次，蠓虫至少已传播病毒三个月。
州狩猎委员会兽医安德鲁·迪萨尔沃确认，今年夏季至10月，全州六个县出现阳性病例。华盛顿县的阳性病例发现于9月18日和21日，阿勒格尼县的阳性病例发现于9月29日和10月13日。官员提醒，发现多头死鹿且死因不明时，应拨打州狩猎委员会电话833-742-9453报告送检。
Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Kills Hundreds of Deer in Pennsylvania as Warm Fall Keeps Midges Active Into November
WASHINGTON COUNTY, Pa. — A frequently fatal deer disease has continued spreading across southwestern Pennsylvania this fall, with new cases still appearing in November. Matt Kramer, a field supervisor with the state Game Commission, said on November 6 that epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHD) has killed hundreds of deer in northern Washington County, western Allegheny County and all of Beaver County.
EHD and bluetongue viruses are spread by biting midges and normally stop circulating after the first hard frost of fall, but this year's warm autumn has let the midges survive longer. Kramer said temperatures reached 82 degrees on November 5 and some areas had not seen a strong enough frost — the latest he has seen the outbreak persist in his 19-year career — with midges spreading the virus for at least three months.
Game Commission veterinarian Andrew DiSalvo confirmed positive cases in six counties statewide from summer through October. Positive cases in Washington County were found on September 18 and 21, and in Allegheny County on September 29 and October 13. Officials urge anyone who finds multiple dead deer with no clear cause of death to call the Game Commission at 833-742-9453 to report them for testing.
来源：伊利时报
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：白尾鹿（Wikimedia Commons，CC BY-SA 3.0）
GSM Global · 本篇英文版 English edition of this story
