IBM联手橡树岭国家实验室与AMD推出量子纠错协同设计平台：对接美国能源部2028年目标
IBM、美国能源部资助的橡树岭国家实验室（ORNL）量子科学中心（QSC）与 AMD 于11月5日联合推出量子纠错协同设计平台，把量子计算与高性能计算整合到同一研究平台上，目标是加速走向可实用的容错量子计算机。
首个部署将把 IBM 的量子计算机（包括其最强的 120 量子比特处理器 IBM Quantum Nighthawk）与橡树岭国家实验室的 Umbra 高性能计算系统并置运行；Umbra 由 AMD Instinct MI355X 图形处理器与第五代 AMD EPYC 中央处理器提供经典算力，承担纠错解码优化与软件编排等工作。平台还将与橡树岭领先计算设施（OLCF）连接。
这项工作对接美国能源部的「量子创世纪使命」（Quantum Genesis Mission）：其新近公布的 Q 竞赛目标是在 2028 年底前实现 100 个逻辑量子比特运行 10 万次高难度运算。IBM 目前已演示多达 70 个逻辑量子比特与 438 次高难度运算，要补上差距，高难度运算次数需提升约 230 倍。
量子科学中心主任 Travis Humble 表示：「解决量子纠错的挑战，是让量子计算成为科学发现实用工具的关键，这也是橡树岭国家实验室的优先事项。橡树岭在高性能计算上的实力，加上 IBM、AMD 等量子科学中心伙伴的专长，让我们有机会突破可能性的边界。」
IBM 研究院院长、IBM 院士 Jay Gambetta 表示：「问题已不再是纠错能否在量子硬件上奏效。今天的问题是，如何加速并优化纠错，建成科学家能用来解决实际问题的系统。这个新的协同设计平台让我们可以评估不同路径，确定能够扩展的架构、软件与工作流程。」
AMD 执行副总裁兼首席技术官 Mark Papermaster 表示：「下一个计算时代将把量子新范式与经典硬件、软件生态数十年的创新结合在一起。我们与 IBM、橡树岭国家实验室一道推进整体路径，把量子处理器、高性能计算与超级智能（SI）整合起来，这是走向可扩展、高效的容错量子计算基础设施的重要一步。」
三方表示，平台取得的经验将为 IBM 首台容错量子计算机 IBM Quantum Starling 的路线提供参考，也将帮助能源部研究人员在相关系统就绪后第一时间投入使用。此前 IBM 与橡树岭已通过量子科学中心合作，并曾用量子计算机与 Frontier 超级计算机共同模拟真实磁性材料；IBM 与 AMD 去年还演示过在 AMD 芯片上高效解码量子错误的算法。（来源：IBM）
IBM, Oak Ridge National Lab and AMD Launch Co-Design Platform for Quantum Error Correction
IBM, the U.S. Department of Energy-funded Quantum Science Center (QSC) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), and AMD on November 5 unveiled a new co-design platform for quantum error correction, integrating quantum and high-performance computing.
The first deployment co-locates IBM's quantum computers, including its most powerful quantum processor, the 120-qubit IBM Quantum Nighthawk, with ORNL's Umbra high-performance computing system, powered by AMD Instinct MI355X GPUs and fifth-generation AMD EPYC CPUs. The AMD compute provides the classical computing foundation for research into quantum error correction, decoding optimization and software orchestration. The platform will also connect with the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility (OLCF).
The work aligns with the Department of Energy's Quantum Genesis Mission, whose recently announced Q Competition targets 100 logical qubits running 100,000 hard operations by late 2028. IBM has demonstrated experiments with up to 70 logical qubits and 438 hard operations, meaning the field needs a roughly 230-fold increase in hard operation count to close the gap.
"Solving the challenges of quantum error correction is essential to making quantum computing a practical tool for scientific discovery, which is a priority for Oak Ridge National Laboratory," said Travis Humble, director of the Quantum Science Center. "ORNL's strength in high-performance computing, combined with the expertise of our QSC partners — like IBM and AMD — creates an opportunity to push the boundaries of what is possible."
"The question is no longer if error correction will work on quantum hardware," said Jay Gambetta, IBM Fellow and Director of IBM Research. "Today, the question is how to accelerate and optimize error correction to build systems that scientists can use to tackle meaningful problems."
"The next era of computing will bring the new quantum paradigm together with decades of innovation across the classical hardware and software ecosystem," said Mark Papermaster, executive vice president and chief technology officer of AMD. "Together with IBM and Oak Ridge National Laboratory, we are advancing a holistic approach that integrates quantum processors, high-performance computing and AI."
The companies said lessons from the platform will inform IBM's path to IBM Quantum Starling, its first fault-tolerant quantum computer, and prepare DOE researchers to use such systems from day one. (Source: IBM)
来源：IBM
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图片来源：图：IBM Q System One 量子计算机（弗劳恩霍夫安装机）。IBM Research 摄，CC BY 2.0，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: IBM Q System One quantum computer (Fraunhofer installation). Photo by IBM Research, CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
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