日本政府对中部电力下达业务改进命令：滨冈核电站抗震数据造假须全面整改
东京——日本经济产业省11月6日依据《电力事业法》对中部电力公司下达业务改进命令，要求这家日本第三大电力公司就滨冈核电站抗震数据造假等一系列丑闻制定并落实防止再发措施、重建合规体系与管理监督机制。
丑闻的源头在今年1月5日曝光：中部电力披露，在滨冈核电站3号、4号机组重启审查中，用于设定「基准地震动」的评估存在不当处理——公司从上千组候选地震波数据中挑选对自身有利的数字，使预估的地震强度显得更小。由外部专家组成的独立调查委员会9月11日提交报告，指出相关部门疑因感受到高层对重启进度的压力而系统性低估地震动数据。
9月14日，中部电力董事会决定撤回3号、4号机组的重启申请；社长林欣吾与会长胜野哲宣布引咎辞职、9月30日离任，董事安井实10月1日接任社长。公司同时承诺推进以意识改革、组织文化改革与治理强化为核心的经营改革。
造假并非孤例：滨冈1号、2号机组退役工程的文件被查出不当改写，公司可能向核废弃物处理机构多报了逾2亿日元费用；其零售子公司也被曝长期多收用户电费。财务上，中部电力已就滨冈核电站计提约3800亿日元特别损失，市场预计其截至2026年3月的财年净亏损将达创纪录的约2150亿日元。
程序上，经济产业省此前已依《电力事业法》对中部电力下达报告收集命令，并于10月29日收到公司回复；经济产业大臣赤泽亮正10月30日表示将以「最严厉」的态度启动业务改进命令程序，11月6日正式下达命令。业务改进命令是针对违法行为的行政处分，责令企业制定并执行防止再发措施。
滨冈核电站位于静冈县御前崎市、地处东京西南约200公里，正位于南海海槽预期大地震的震源区上方，自2011年福岛核事故后全机组停运至今。此次命令将使中部电力未来的重启计划进一步蒙上阴影，也为日本政府在能源成本压力下推进核电重启的路线投下变量。
（来源：共同社）
Japan Orders Chubu Electric to Overhaul Operations Over Falsified Seismic Data at Hamaoka Nuclear Plant
Tokyo — Japan's Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry on Friday, November 6, issued a business improvement order to Chubu Electric Power Co. under the Electricity Business Act, directing the country's third-largest utility to draw up and implement recurrence-prevention measures and rebuild its compliance and management oversight systems after a series of scandals centered on falsified seismic data at its Hamaoka nuclear power plant.
The scandal broke on January 5 this year, when Chubu Electric disclosed improper handling in the evaluation used to set the design-basis ground motion for the restart review of Hamaoka Units 3 and 4: the company had cherry-picked favorable figures from a pool of more than a thousand candidate seismic-wave datasets, making the projected earthquake shaking look weaker. An independent committee of outside experts reported on September 11 that departments involved were suspected of underestimating the seismic data under schedule pressure felt from senior management.
On September 14, Chubu Electric's board resolved to withdraw the restart applications for Units 3 and 4. President Kingo Hayashi and Chairman Satoru Katsuno resigned effective September 30 to take responsibility, and director Minoru Yasui became president on October 1. The company pledged management reforms centered on changing mindsets, transforming its organizational culture and strengthening governance.
The falsification was not isolated. Construction documents for decommissioning work at Units 1 and 2 were found to have been improperly rewritten, with more than 200 million yen in possibly inflated claims submitted to the government's nuclear decommissioning agency, and the company's retail subsidiary was also found to have overcharged customers. Chubu Electric has booked a special loss of about 380 billion yen (about $2.4 billion) tied to Hamaoka and is expected to post a record net loss of about 215 billion yen for the fiscal year ending March 2026.
The ministry had earlier issued a report-collection order and received the company's response on October 29. Industry Minister Ryosei Akazawa said on October 30 that the government would begin procedures for the improvement order and would respond with the utmost strictness; the order was formally issued on November 6. A business improvement order is an administrative measure for legal violations that obliges the operator to formulate and implement measures to prevent recurrence.
The Hamaoka plant, in Omaezaki, Shizuoka Prefecture, about 200 kilometers southwest of Tokyo, sits almost directly above the Nankai Trough, where Japan expects its next great subduction earthquake. All of its reactors have been offline since 2011. The order further clouds Chubu Electric's path to any restart and complicates the government's push to revive nuclear power amid rising energy costs.
(Source: Kyodo News)
来源：共同社
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图片来源：图：位于日本静冈县御前崎市的中部电力滨冈核电站航拍。CC BY-SA 2.0，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: Aerial view of Chubu Electric Power's Hamaoka Nuclear Power Station in Omaezaki, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
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