欧盟：欧盟委员会公布2026年扩盟报告包 为乌克兰等四国拟入盟路线图并促基辅加快法治改革
欧盟委员会11月4日公布2026年扩盟报告包，评估各候选国加入欧盟的进展，并为进度最快的乌克兰、摩尔多瓦、黑山与阿尔巴尼亚四国拟定入盟路线图，列明下一阶段谈判的改革要求与大致时间安排。路线图不构成入盟日期的保证，成员国仍保留调整立场的权力。
就乌克兰而言，委员会在文件中敦促基辅「紧急并大幅加快法治改革的步伐」：在2027年上半年满足这一领域的关键要求，是各谈判政策领域得以暂时关闭谈判的前提。路线图列出七个乌克兰有望在2027年暂时完成谈判的政策领域，并希望在2026年底前开启其两个尚未开启的谈判组群：第4组群（绿色议程与可持续联通）与第5组群（资源、农业与凝聚政策）。委员会对乌克兰的态度较此前更为审慎，未承诺谈判结束日期，对阿尔巴尼亚、摩尔多瓦等其他领跑者同样未给日期；文件并自称为可随谈判进程更新的「活文件」。
乌克兰与摩尔多瓦2024年6月正式开启入盟谈判。即使个别领域暂时关闭谈判，也不意味着自动入盟：仍须达成入盟条约并经批准与各国议会核准。此次报告包并对乌克兰过去一年在全部33个谈判章节上的进展作了全面评估。
（来源：欧盟委员会）
European Union: Commission Publishes 2026 Enlargement Package With Accession Roadmaps for Ukraine and Three Other Frontrunners, Urging Kyiv to Step Up Rule-of-Law Reforms
The European Commission published its 2026 enlargement package on November 4, assessing the progress of countries seeking EU membership and setting out accession roadmaps for the four frontrunners: Ukraine, Moldova, Montenegro and Albania. The roadmaps clarify the reform requirements and indicative timelines for the next stages of negotiations, but do not amount to guaranteed accession dates, and EU member states retain the prerogative to adjust their positions.
For Ukraine, the Commission calls on Kyiv to "urgently and significantly step up the pace of the rule of law reforms": meeting key requirements in this area in the first half of 2027 is necessary before negotiations in individual policy areas can be provisionally concluded. The roadmap identifies seven policy areas in which Ukraine could provisionally complete negotiations in 2027, and the Commission wants talks on Ukraine's two stalled negotiating clusters to begin by the end of 2026: cluster 4, covering the green agenda and sustainable connectivity, and cluster 5, covering resources, agriculture and cohesion. Brussels takes a similarly cautious approach toward the other frontrunners, including Albania and Moldova, committing to no end date for accession negotiations, and describes the roadmap as a "living document" that may be updated depending on the course of negotiations and the pace of reforms.
Ukraine and Moldova formally began accession negotiations in June 2024, following decisions by EU leaders in December 2023. Even provisional closure of negotiations in individual areas will not mean automatic accession: an accession treaty will still be required, which must be approved and ratified. The package also provides a comprehensive review of Ukraine's progress across all 33 chapters of the accession criteria since the previous year's report.
来源：欧盟委员会
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：照片：欧盟委员会总部贝尔莱蒙大楼（布鲁塞尔），Euro Pictures 摄，Wikimedia Commons，CC BY 2.0 授权 / Photo: Berlaymont building, headquarters of the European Commission, in Brussels, by Euro Pictures, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0
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