欧盟：欧盟委员会发布全民应急准备新指南 倡72小时自给并拟设每年10月23日欧盟准备日
欧盟委员会11月4日在欧洲民防论坛上推出加强全欧应急准备的新举措。负责平等、准备与危机管理的委员 Hadja Lahbib 发布帮助民众与社区为紧急情况作准备的新指南，涵盖危机最初72小时的应对；她同时宣布计划设立一年一度的「欧盟准备日」，首届定于2027年10月举行。这些举措以欧盟委员会近期通过的关于业务连续性与压力测试的建议为基础，旨在加强各国民防联络点的韧性。
新指南聚焦四个方面：72小时自给，即在公共援助动员到位前，靠应急物资与应急包满足最初三天的基本需求；把准备教育纳入幼儿与小学课程并培训教育工作者；让准备措施对残障人士包容可及、并让他们参与准备规划；以及帮助当局更有效地沟通风险与威胁，确保公民在紧急情况前、中、后都能及时获得可及、可靠的信息。指南不具约束力，意在全欧培育准备文化。
拟设的欧盟准备日定在每年10月23日，自2027年起举行，该日期是欧盟民事保护机制2001年10月23日设立的纪念日。委员会还将与欧洲议会、理事会等机构推动一份支持该倡议的联合声明。上述举措是2025年3月通过的欧盟准备联盟战略的后续落实，该战略倡导全社会、全政府共同承担准备责任。
（来源：欧盟委员会）
European Union: European Commission Presents New Preparedness Guidelines, Urging 72-Hour Self-Sufficiency and Proposing an Annual EU Preparedness Day on October 23
The European Commission took new steps on November 4 to strengthen preparedness across the European Union. At the European Civil Protection Forum, Commissioner for Equality, Preparedness and Crisis Management Hadja Lahbib presented new guidelines to help people and communities prepare for emergencies, including during the first 72 hours of a crisis. She also announced plans for an annual EU Preparedness Day, with the first edition planned in October 2027. The initiatives build on a recently adopted Commission Recommendation on operational continuity and stress-testing, aimed at ensuring national civil protection contact points remain operational at all times, even during disruptive events.
The new guidelines cover four key areas: 72-hour self-sufficiency, helping people meet their essential needs during the first three days of an emergency, while public assistance is being mobilised, including through essential emergency supplies and emergency grab bags; preparedness education, integrating preparedness into early childhood and primary education curricula and providing training for educators; disability-inclusive preparedness, making measures accessible and encouraging participation by persons with disabilities in preparedness planning; and communicating risks and threats, helping authorities ensure citizens receive timely, accessible and reliable information before, during and after emergencies. The guidelines are non-binding and aim to foster a culture of preparedness across Europe.
The proposed EU Preparedness Day would be held every October 23, starting in 2027, marking the anniversary of the establishment of the EU Civil Protection Mechanism on October 23, 2001. The Commission will work with the European Parliament, the Council and other EU bodies on a joint declaration supporting the initiative. The measures mark further progress in delivering the EU Preparedness Union Strategy, adopted in March 2025, which promotes a whole-of-society and whole-of-government approach to anticipating, preventing and responding to crises.
来源：欧盟委员会
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：照片：欧盟委员 Hadja Lahbib（2024年），Aurore Martignoni / European Union 摄，Wikimedia Commons，CC BY 4.0 授权 / Photo: European Commissioner Hadja Lahbib in 2024, by Aurore Martignoni / European Union, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 4.0
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