南非回应美国撤销AGOA优惠决定：2027年1月1日生效，政府将扶持受影响行业
南非政府11月2日发表声明，确认已收到美国政府的通知：美方拟撤销南非在《非洲增长与机会法案》（AGOA）下的优惠待遇，提前60天通知，2027年1月1日生效。美国贸易代表 Jamieson Greer 同日表示，总统特朗普已通知国会及南非、卢旺达两国政府，拟将两国移出该计划；美方在声明中对南非的贸易与投资壁垒、腐败以及对美国国家安全与外交政策利益的威胁表示关切。
南非贸易、工业与竞争部长 Parks Tau 表示：「这一决定并不定义南非与美国更广泛的关系，但问题的解决取决于双方找到解决方案的意愿。」他说，南非政府将支持受影响的行业、保护南非的国家利益，并继续寻求与美国的贸易、投资与共同经济机会。Tau 还表示，南非作为主权宪法民主国家，将履行其宪法责任与国际义务，同时寻找扩大贸易与投资的务实办法。
南非政府在声明中说，该决定可能给与 AGOA 供应链相关的工人、出口商、企业与社区带来担忧，不同行业受到的影响各不相同；政府正与受影响行业密切合作评估影响，并将继续逐家企业提供适当支持。政府还保留了此前为应对「对等关税」而采取的措施，并将与社会伙伴进一步商讨，以增强生产行业的韧性与可持续性，同时实现出口多元化、保护就业。
声明说，南非已作出大量努力建设性地回应美方关切，并通过适当渠道提出了超出2015年协议的额外让步；这些让步尊重正当程序，维护南非的生物安全与宪法要求及其在世界贸易组织规则下的义务。声明说，美方如今提出的新议题并非自2025年开始的谈判进程所依据的内容，对此令人遗憾。
数据方面，2025年南非对美出口约89%按世界贸易组织最惠国待遇条款进行，按 AGOA 出口的约占10%，低于2024年的28%；南非 AGOA 出口额2025年近17亿美元，低于2024年的40亿美元，约占南非全球出口总额的1%。2025年两国双边贸易额达288亿美元，600多家美国公司在南非运营、支撑约13.46万个岗位；南非是美国关键矿产的重要供应方，供应美国认定的50种关键矿产中的12种，以及美国癌症治疗所用同位素的70%。
南非政府表示将积极开拓出口市场：内阁批准的工业发展战略与「蝴蝶战略」正瞄准非洲大陆自由贸易区、印度、南部非洲发展共同体、欧盟、英国、东盟、南方共同市场与中国等市场，南非柑橘、牛油果、葡萄与苹果也已打开新的市场。
关联：南非总统拉马福萨：须为可能被排除出美国AGOA免税安排作准备 称就业影响将是「毁灭性的」
（来源：南非贸易、工业与竞争部）
South Africa Responds to U.S. Decision to Withdraw AGOA Benefits: Effective January 1, 2027, Government to Support Affected Sectors
The South African government said in a statement on November 2 that it had noted the decision by the United States government giving South Africa 60 days' advance notice of its intention to withdraw the country's benefits under the African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA), effective January 1, 2027. U.S. Trade Representative Jamieson Greer said the same day that President Donald Trump had notified Congress and the governments of South Africa and Rwanda of his intention to remove both countries from the programme; the U.S. statement cited deep concern over barriers to U.S. trade and investment, corruption, and threats to U.S. national security and foreign policy interests in South Africa.
Minister of Trade, Industry and Competition Parks Tau said: "This decision does not define the broader relationship between South Africa and the United States, however, a solution depends on the willingness of both parties to find solutions." He said the government would support affected sectors, protect South Africa's national interests and continue pursuing trade, investment and shared economic opportunities with the United States. Tau also said that, as a sovereign constitutional democracy, South Africa would uphold its constitutional responsibilities and international obligations while seeking practical solutions to expand trade and investment.
The government said it recognised the concern the decision may create for workers, exporters, businesses and communities linked to AGOA-supported value chains, and that the impact would differ across sectors. It is working closely with affected industries to assess the implications and will continue to provide appropriate support on a company-by-company basis. South Africa has proactively retained measures introduced in response to the reciprocal tariffs, and will undertake further engagements with social partners to strengthen support for productive sectors while diversifying exports and protecting jobs.
The statement said South Africa had made extensive efforts to respond constructively to U.S. concerns and had tabled, through the appropriate channels, additional concessions beyond those agreed in 2015. Those concessions respect due process and safeguard South Africa's biosecurity and constitutional imperatives and its obligations under World Trade Organization rules. It was unfortunate, the government said, that the United States was now raising new issues that had not been the basis of discussions in the negotiation process that began in 2025.
In 2025, about 89 percent of South African exports to the United States entered under ordinary World Trade Organization most-favoured-nation terms, while AGOA exports accounted for about 10 percent, down from 28 percent in 2024. AGOA exports totalled nearly $1.7 billion in 2025, down from $4 billion in 2024, and accounted for roughly 1 percent of South Africa's total global exports. Bilateral trade reached $28.8 billion in 2025, with more than 600 American companies operating in South Africa and supporting approximately 134,600 jobs. South Africa supplies 12 of the 50 minerals deemed critical by the United States, and 70 percent of the isotopes used in U.S. cancer treatments.
The government said it remains committed to diversifying its export markets. Its Cabinet-approved Industrial Development Strategy and Butterfly Strategy are targeting opportunities across the African Continental Free Trade Area, India, the Southern African Development Community, the European Union, the United Kingdom, ASEAN, MERCOSUR and China, and new markets have also opened for South African citrus, avocados, grapes and apples.
(Source: South African Department of Trade, Industry and Competition)
来源：南非贸易、工业与竞争部
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：南非 Durban 港集装箱码头。CC BY-SA 3.0，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: The container terminal at the Port of Durban, South Africa. CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons.
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