巴西：联邦政府设专班打击职场选举骚扰 法院令 Meta 24小时内删帖
巴西总统卢拉（Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva）在10月25日决选胜出、赢得第四个总统任期数日后，巴西联邦政府宣布了一套针对职场「选举骚扰」的协调措施，包括组建联邦专班以及一项针对 Meta 的法院命令。政府说，这些措施旨在保护工人自由政治选择的权利，并追究有歧视行为的雇主。
联邦专班成员包括劳工与就业部、劳工检察院（MPT）、总检察长办公室（AGU）、高等劳工法院（TST）、选举检察院与司法部。据巴西媒体援引劳工检察院的数字，投诉在选举日10月25日当天就开始涌入：圣保罗分院在10月26日至29日接到1459宗投诉，全国总数据报超过3300宗。劳工部长 Luiz Marinho 说，将编制一份违规雇主名单，违规者可能面临贷款暂停。
最具体的措施是针对 Meta 的法院命令：圣保罗一名劳工法官10月29日应劳工检察院请求发出初步禁令，要求 Meta 在24小时内删除敦促按投票方式解雇员工的帖子，禁令涵盖检方认定的14个具体链接；Meta 还须在72小时内在 Instagram、Facebook 与 Threads 上展示为期五天的提示，说明政治歧视与选举骚扰为法律所禁止。原诉还要求 Meta 支付5000万雷亚尔的集体精神损害赔偿并建立长效预防政策，但这两项属于诉讼请求而非禁令义务。Meta 据报表示不予置评。
高等劳工法院院长 Vieira de Mello Filho 10月29日表示，后果将非常严厉，包括限制企业融资乃至列入黑名单。依巴西法律，以投票取向向雇员施压构成犯罪，劳工检察机关在以往选举周期中也曾办理此类案件。批评者则认为，「骚扰」等标准若界定不清，可能带来过度删除的风险。
Brazil: Federal Task Force Targets Workplace Electoral Harassment as Court Orders Meta to Remove Posts Within 24 Hours
Days after President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva won a fourth term in the October 25 runoff, Brazil's federal government announced a coordinated set of measures against what it calls electoral harassment in the workplace, including a federal task force and a court order directed at Meta. The government says the package protects workers' freedom of political choice and holds employers accountable for discriminatory practices.
The federal task force includes the Labor and Employment Ministry, the Labor Prosecutor's Office (MPT), the Attorney General's Office (AGU), the Superior Labor Court (TST), the Electoral Prosecutor's Office and the Justice Ministry. Complaints began arriving as early as election day, Sunday, October 25; Brazilian press reports citing the Labor Prosecutor's Office say the São Paulo branch of the MPT logged 1,459 complaints between October 26 and 29, and the agency's national tally was reported to exceed 3,300. Labor Minister Luiz Marinho said a list of offending employers will be compiled, and violators could face suspended loans.
The most concrete step is the court order against Meta. A São Paulo labor court judge granted a preliminary injunction on October 29 at the MPT's request, giving Meta 24 hours to remove posts urging dismissals over how people voted; the injunction covers 14 specific links identified by prosecutors. Meta must also display a notice on Instagram, Facebook and Threads within 72 hours, for five days, stating that political discrimination and electoral harassment are prohibited. The underlying lawsuit also seeks R$50 million in collective moral damages and a permanent prevention policy from Meta, though those are requests rather than obligations imposed by the injunction. Meta reportedly said it would not comment.
TST President Vieira de Mello Filho said on October 29 that consequences would be very severe, including restrictions on corporate financing and a possible blacklist. Electoral harassment, meaning employer pressure on staff over their vote, is treated as a crime under Brazilian law, and labor prosecutors have pursued such cases in prior election cycles. Critics argue that vague standards such as harassment or discrimination invite overreach in content removal.
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：照片：巴西首都巴西利亚的部委大道，巴西联邦参议院摄，Wikimedia Commons，CC BY 2.0 授权 / Photo: Esplanada dos Ministérios in Brasília, Brazil, by Senado Federal, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY 2.0
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