生物多样性大会COP17在Yerevan闭幕：各国通过「埃里温路径」加速行动、资金仍是缺口
在亚美尼亚首都 Yerevan 举行的联合国生物多样性大会（COP17）经过通宵谈判，于10月31日闭幕。各国政府同意加大力度保护全球生物多样性，但落实所需的资金仍无着落。
为期两周的会议完成了对四年前在 Montreal 达成的全球生物多样性框架的首次全球审议。联合国说，近90%的公约缔约方已设定国家目标，但在接受评估的缔约方中，不足半数走在达标轨道上，与会代表承认现有行动远远不够，全球几乎所有目标都偏离轨道。
各国通过了一项名为「埃里温路径」的决定，同意在削减有害补贴、增加对发展中国家的融资、让国家支出与生物多样性目标一致等方面加快行动，并列出2030年前的加速优先事项。Montreal 框架的目标包括：到2030年保护全球30%的陆地、内陆水域和海洋区域，修复30%的退化生态系统，每年动员2000亿美元用于生物多样性保护，并把有害补贴每年削减至少5000亿美元。主办方说，会期内各国政府、慈善机构和投资者共宣布了超过18亿美元的融资。
生物多样性金融基金会执行主任 Anita de Horde 说，在多边主义承压之际，COP17 表明国际合作仍能取得成果；她同时表示，COP17 真正的成败要看各国在 COP18 之前落实了多少。与会代表已商定，COP18 将于2028年在厄瓜多尔首都 Quito 举行。世界自然基金会国际首席保护官 Daudi Sumba 说，这次审议发出了「强烈信号」，但必须有资金跟上。下一轮全球气候谈判将于11月9日在土耳其开始。（据路透社报道）
COP17 Biodiversity Talks Close in Yerevan With 'Yerevan Pathway' Deal to Speed Action, Finance Still Short
Governments at the UN biodiversity conference COP17 in Armenia's capital Yerevan agreed on October 31 to step up efforts to protect global biodiversity after talks ran through the night, although the finance to deliver it remains elusive.
The two-week conference oversaw the first global review of the Global Biodiversity Framework agreed in Montreal four years ago. Nearly 90% of parties to the biodiversity convention had set national targets, although fewer than half of those assessed were on track, the UN said, and delegates agreed the world was off track on almost all of its targets.
Governments adopted a decision dubbed the Yerevan Pathway, agreeing faster action on reducing harmful subsidies, increasing finance for developing countries and aligning national spending with biodiversity goals. The Montreal framework set goals including conserving 30% of land, inland waters, marine and coastal areas by 2030, restoring 30% of degraded ecosystems, mobilising $200 billion a year for biodiversity and reducing harmful incentives by at least $500 billion a year by 2030. Organisers said more than $1.8 billion in finance from governments, philanthropies and investors had been announced during the conference.
"At a time when multilateralism is under pressure, COP17 has shown that international cooperation can still deliver," said Anita de Horde, executive director of the Finance for Biodiversity Foundation. "The real success of COP17 will be measured by what governments implement before COP18," she said. Delegates agreed COP18 will be held in the Ecuadorean capital, Quito, in 2028. Daudi Sumba, chief conservation officer at WWF International, said the review had sent a "strong signal" but needed to be backed up with finance. Fresh global climate talks begin in Turkey on November 9. (Reporting by Reuters)
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：图：亚美尼亚首都 Yerevan 天际线与 Ararat 山。资料图，Wikimedia Commons，CC BY-SA 3.0。 / The Yerevan skyline and Mount Ararat in Armenia. File photo via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0.
