司法部：缉毒局开始发放首批医用大麻药房联邦注册，首批逾900家分布七个州
美国司法部10月30日宣布，美国缉毒局（DEA）正着手向符合条件的州执照医用大麻药房首批发放数百份联邦注册，落实司法部长此前对某些医用大麻活动实施第三类管制（Schedule III）的命令。
司法部表示，这批注册是落实司法部长4月23日命令的第一阶段。该命令依据《美国法典》第21编第811(d)条，为符合条件的医用大麻企业建立联邦监管框架，同时维持《受控物质法》下的联邦管制。首批注册涵盖阿拉巴马州、佛罗里达州、密西西比州、南达科他州、得克萨斯州、弗吉尼亚州与西弗吉尼亚州的900多家药房；每家药房在获发注册前，都须满足适用的联邦要求，包括通过缉毒局的注册前调查。
司法部长托德·布兰奇（Todd Blanche）表示：「美国民众理应获得世界上最好的医疗。缉毒局向已获注册的申请人进行受监管的医用大麻分发，将有助于扩大慢性疼痛治疗的可及性、保障美国民众的安全。司法部将继续依法起诉非法大麻贩运及相关犯罪活动。」
缉毒局表示，首批从在该命令规定的最初60天期限内提交申请、且满足联邦要求的药房开始办理。申请人须在与联邦法律及美国国际条约义务一致的州医用大麻监管框架下经营。只有州执照不会自动获得联邦注册；已注册药房将受安保、记录保存、库存管控等联邦要求约束。
缉毒局将分阶段继续处理申请并发放注册，同时也在审查向药房供货的医用大麻生产商与分销商的注册申请，这类申请还需设施检查、生产管控与配额核定等额外审查。司法部强调，该命令只适用于其界定的合格医用大麻活动，不授权娱乐用大麻；不在命令范围内的大麻仍受第一类管制（Schedule I），而大麻整体重新分级的更广泛提案正通过另一项行政程序审议。
DEA Begins Issuing First Federal Registrations to Medical Marijuana Dispensaries, More Than 900 Across Seven States
The U.S. Department of Justice announced on October 30 that the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) is moving forward with the initial issuance of hundreds of federal registrations to qualifying state-licensed medical marijuana dispensaries under the Attorney General's order implementing Schedule III controls for certain medical marijuana activities.
The registrations mark the first phase of implementing the Attorney General's April 23 order under 21 U.S.C. § 811(d), which established a federal regulatory framework for qualifying medical marijuana businesses while maintaining federal controls under the Controlled Substances Act. These initial registrations include more than 900 dispensaries across Alabama, Florida, Mississippi, South Dakota, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia. Each dispensary was required to satisfy applicable federal requirements, including successful completion of DEA's pre-registration investigation, before receiving federal registration.
"The American people deserve access to the best medical treatments in the world," said Attorney General Todd Blanche. "The regulated distribution of medical marijuana by the applicants that have been granted registration by the Drug Enforcement Administration will help ensure broader access to chronic pain treatment and the safety of the American people. The Department of Justice will continue prosecuting illegal marijuana trafficking and related criminal activity in accordance with federal law."
DEA is beginning with dispensaries that submitted applications within the initial 60-day period established by the order and meet applicable federal requirements. State licensure alone does not automatically grant federal registration; registered dispensaries will be subject to federal requirements including security, recordkeeping, and inventory controls. DEA will continue processing applications through a phased process and is also reviewing applications from medical marijuana manufacturers and distributors, which require additional review including facility inspections, production controls, and quota determinations.
The Attorney General's order applies to defined qualifying medical marijuana activities and does not authorize recreational marijuana. Marijuana not covered by the order remains subject to Schedule I controls, and the broader proposed rescheduling of marijuana is being considered through a separate administrative proceeding, the department said.
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：图：路易斯安那州新奥尔良市一家大麻药房门店（Simply Cannabis）。Infrogmation 摄，CC BY-SA 4.0，经 Wikimedia Commons（画面为裁切版）。 / A cannabis dispensary storefront in New Orleans, Louisiana. Photo by Infrogmation, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons (cropped).
