卫星直连手机可用频段拟从5个增至13个、新增482兆赫：联邦通信委员会发布租赁规则现代化提案
华盛顿——美国联邦通信委员会（Federal Communications Commission，FCC）10月30日正式发布拟议规则制定通知（编号 FCC-26-71），拟全面现代化卫星直连设备（Direct-to-Device，D2D）服务的频谱租赁规则。文件全称为《释放持牌频谱用于直连设备；单一网络未来：太空补充覆盖》，案卷号 GN 26-281 与 23-65，由 FCC 太空局主管，已于10月29日 FCC 公开会议上表决通过、10月30日正式对外发布。
据 FCC 发布的文件及行业媒体 Via Satellite 报道，提案拟把可用于「太空补充覆盖」（Supplemental Coverage from Space，SCS）的频段从现行的 5 个增至 13 个，在另外 8 个频段中新增约 482 兆赫频谱，供卫星直接连接普通手机使用。
提案同时拟取消 SCS 框架下「地理独立区域」的硬性划定与整区租赁要求，改为更灵活的许可区域与共存安排，免除运营商动辄申请豁免的例行程序，并同步更新地面网络与卫星网络混合组网的技术标准与性能规则。
现行 SCS 框架由 FCC 于2024年建立，允许卫星运营商租用地面移动运营商的频谱，让普通手机在地面信号到不了的偏远地区直接连上卫星。FCC 主席 Brendan Carr 表示，2024年的规则出台不久便已显过时，过去一年间与 D2D 频谱相关的交易额约达450亿美元，包括 SpaceX 与 EchoStar、Amazon 与 Globalstar、Rocket Lab 与 Iridium 的交易。
Carr 说：「通过今天的提案，我们在现代化 FCC 的直连设备规则方面，迈出了迄今最全面的一步。」他还表示：「在本项提案中，我们打算给予 D2D 服务提供商更大的灵活性去获取新的频谱来源，同时兼顾其中一些频段独特的技术条件。」
据 Via Satellite 报道，该提案在10月29日的会议上获委员一致通过；公众意见将在提案刊登于《联邦公报》后进入征集程序，最终规则待意见期结束后决定。卫星行业协会（Satellite Industry Association，SIA）对 FCC 扩大 SCS 可用频谱并更新监管框架表示赞赏。同一场会议上，FCC 还表决了拍卖 25 兆赫中频频谱供 5G 与卫星直连使用的配套提案。
关联：美国FCC拟拍卖25 MHz中频频谱：1675-1695 MHz与2020-2025 MHz可用于5G与卫星直连手机服务
Bands for Satellite-to-Phone Service Would Grow From 5 to 13, Adding 482 MHz: FCC Releases Proposal to Modernize D2D Leasing Rules
Washington — The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) on October 30 formally released a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (FCC-26-71) to modernize the spectrum leasing rules for direct-to-device (D2D) services. Titled "Unleashing Licensed Spectrum for Direct-to-Device; Single Network Future: Supplemental Coverage from Space," the item, in GN Docket Nos. 26-281 and 23-65 and handled by the FCC's Space Bureau, was adopted at the commission's October 29 open meeting and released on October 30.
According to the FCC document and reporting by Via Satellite, the proposal would increase the number of bands available for Supplemental Coverage from Space (SCS) from five to 13, opening nearly 482 megahertz of additional spectrum across eight more bands so satellites can connect directly to ordinary mobile phones.
The proposal also seeks to eliminate the SCS framework's geographically independent area and blanket lease requirements, replacing them with flexible license areas and coexistence arrangements, removing the need for routine waivers, and updating technical standards and performance rules for networks that combine terrestrial and satellite coverage.
The current SCS framework, adopted by the FCC in 2024, lets satellite operators lease spectrum from terrestrial mobile carriers so that a normal phone can connect to a satellite in remote areas beyond terrestrial coverage. FCC Chairman Brendan Carr said the 2024 rules were already out of date, pointing to about $45 billion in D2D spectrum deals over the past year, including transactions between SpaceX and EchoStar, Amazon and Globalstar, and Rocket Lab and Iridium.
"With today's proposal, we take our most comprehensive step yet to modernize the FCC's rules for direct-to-device," Carr said. "In this item, we intend to give D2D providers more flexibility to obtain new sources of spectrum, but we do so mindful of the unique technical considerations that prevail in some of these bands," he added.
According to Via Satellite, the commissioners approved the rulemaking unanimously on October 29; public comments will be sought after the notice is published in the Federal Register, with final rules to follow the comment period. The Satellite Industry Association commended the FCC for expanding spectrum for SCS and refreshing the regulatory framework. At the same meeting, the FCC also voted on a companion proposal to auction 25 megahertz of mid-band spectrum for 5G and direct-to-device use.
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：图：美国联邦通信委员会主席 Brendan Carr 官方肖像，身后为美国国旗与联邦通信委员会徽记。联邦通信委员会官方照片，公共领域（联邦政府作品）；GSM 自家图库联邦包 fed-fcc-head 横幅裁切版。 / Photo: Official portrait of Federal Communications Commission Chairman Brendan Carr, with the U.S. flag and the FCC seal behind him. FCC official photo, public domain (federal government work); GSM federal asset pack fed-fcc-head, landscape crop.
