人事管理局发布最终规则重塑联邦机构人事管理：年度人员配置计划取代旧框架 11月30日生效
美国人事管理局（OPM）的一项最终规则10月29日刊登于《联邦公报》（文件号 2026-22093，91 FR 68013），将对联邦机构的人事管理与战略人力资本管理框架进行整体更新，2026年11月30日生效。
规则修订《联邦法规》第5编第250部分：以「年度人员配置计划」（Annual Staffing Plans）及配套审查流程，取代原有的人力资本运营计划、人力资本审查与 HRStat 季度审查框架，精简各机构的人力资本规划与报告要求；年度人员配置计划的编制须与管理和预算办公室（OMB）A-11号通告下的预算编制周期衔接，并须支持接班人计划。
规则同时强化各机构首席人力资本官（CHCO）的权责与可见度，新增机构首长年度认证要求，由机构首长确认 CHCO 权责方面的缺口并给出补正时间表；各机构须设立战略招聘委员会监督本机构招聘，OPM 在规则中明确，该委员会只承担治理与人力规划职能，不获得考试、评级或认证权限，其成员在人事行动上仍受功绩制原则约束。
规则还更新了联邦雇员年度调查的框架，并删除第250部分法规文本中无法定依据的「多元化劳动力」表述；OPM 说明，删除该表述不改变各机构在功绩制原则、禁止人事行为与平等就业机会方面的法定义务。
该规则的拟议版本于2026年7月2日刊登（91 FR 40435），30天公众意见期内共收到9条意见，来自个人公民、非营利与专业组织及一名以个人身份发言的前联邦雇员，OPM 在最终规则中对部分意见作了针对性修订。管理和预算办公室下属信息与监管事务办公室将此次立法列为《行政令12866》下的重大监管行动，OPM 评估其全政府实施成本远低于需要完整监管影响分析的门槛。
OPM Final Rule Overhauls Federal Personnel Management Framework, Effective November 30
A final rule issued by the U.S. Office of Personnel Management (OPM) was published in the Federal Register on October 29 (Document No. 2026-22093, 91 FR 68013), modernizing the framework governing personnel management and strategic human capital management in federal agencies. The rule takes effect on November 30, 2026.
The rule amends Title 5 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Part 250. It replaces the Human Capital Operating Plan, Human Capital Review and HRStat quarterly review framework with Annual Staffing Plans and associated review processes, streamlining human capital planning and reporting requirements. Annual Staffing Plans are tied to the budget formulation cycle under OMB Circular A-11 and must enable succession planning.
The rule also strengthens the authority and visibility of agency Chief Human Capital Officers (CHCOs), adding an annual agency-head certification identifying any gaps in CHCO authority with a remediation timeline. Each agency must establish a Strategic Hiring Committee to oversee hiring; OPM clarifies that the committee performs a governance and workforce-planning function, holds no examining, rating or certification authority, and that its members remain subject to merit system principles.
The rule further updates the federal employee survey framework under Subpart C and removes nonstatutory references to a "diverse" workforce from the regulatory text. OPM states that the removal does not disturb agencies' statutory obligations under the merit system principles, prohibited personnel practices rules, or equal employment opportunity requirements.
OPM published the proposed rule on July 2, 2026 (91 FR 40435) and received nine public comments during the 30-day comment period from individual citizens, nonprofit and professional organizations, and a former federal employee writing in a private capacity, making targeted revisions in response. The Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs designated the rulemaking a significant regulatory action under Executive Order 12866, and OPM assessed its governmentwide implementation cost as well below the threshold requiring a full regulatory impact analysis.
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：位于华盛顿的人事管理局（OPM）总部 Theodore Roosevelt 大楼入口（G. Edward Johnson 摄，CC BY 4.0，Wikimedia Commons）
