澳大利亚国家美术馆返还两件北宋皇陵石像头部：中国国家文物局在堪培拉接收，分别重132公斤与223公斤
澳大利亚国家美术馆向中国返还两件流失文物，中国国家文物局10月29日在澳大利亚首都堪培拉举行接收仪式，两件文物为北宋皇陵永裕陵武官像头部与永昌陵文官像头部，均出自中国河南省，材质为石灰岩。
据新华社报道，国家文物局副局长唐炜、中国驻澳大利亚大使刘劲松以及澳大利亚国家美术馆馆长尼克·米采维奇等出席返还接收仪式并致辞，多位来自澳大利亚外交贸易部和联邦艺术部的相关机构代表也参加了仪式。
两件石像头部的尺寸与重量此次一并公布：永裕陵武官像头部高68厘米、重132公斤；永昌陵文官像头部高70厘米、重223公斤。永裕陵与永昌陵均为位于河南的北宋帝陵组成部分，陵前石刻是宋代皇家陵寝制度的重要实物。
追索过程始于2025年：中国国家文物局与公安部及河南省文物、公安部门合作开展调查并形成证据材料，于2025年向澳大利亚国家美术馆提交备忘录，请求返还上述文物，追索工作就此启动。
此次返还的法律与合作框架包括联合国教科文组织1970年公约、中澳两国2009年签署的关于文物保护的政府间谅解备忘录，以及澳大利亚国家美术馆2021年发布的尽职调查和溯源及流转历史研究政策。中国国家文物局与驻澳大利亚使馆在此过程中保持紧密合作，最终实现两件流失文物回归。
National Gallery of Australia Returns Two Northern Song Tomb Stone Heads: China's Heritage Administration Receives Them in Canberra
The National Gallery of Australia has returned two lost Chinese cultural relics, and China's National Cultural Heritage Administration received them at a ceremony in Canberra on October 29. The two pieces are the head of a military official statue from Yongyu Mausoleum and the head of a civil official statue from Yongchang Mausoleum, both Northern Song imperial tombs in Henan, carved from limestone.
According to Xinhua, Tang Wei, deputy head of the National Cultural Heritage Administration, Chinese Ambassador to Australia Liu Jinsong, and National Gallery of Australia Director Nick Mitzevich attended the handover ceremony and delivered remarks, joined by representatives from Australia's Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade and the federal arts authorities.
The dimensions were released with the handover: the Yongyu military official's head stands 68 centimeters tall and weighs 132 kilograms, while the Yongchang civil official's head is 70 centimeters tall and weighs 223 kilograms. Both mausoleums form part of the Northern Song imperial tomb complex in Henan, whose stone statuary is key physical evidence of Song dynasty imperial burial practice.
The recovery effort began in 2025, when the heritage administration worked with the Ministry of Public Security and Henan cultural relics and public security departments to investigate and compile evidence, then submitted a memorandum to the National Gallery of Australia requesting the return.
The return was achieved under the framework of the 1970 UNESCO Convention, the 2009 China-Australia intergovernmental memorandum of understanding on cultural property protection, and the gallery's 2021 due diligence and provenance research policy, with close cooperation between the heritage administration and the Chinese Embassy in Australia.
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：图：位于堪培拉的澳大利亚国家美术馆本馆建筑。图片来源：Wikimedia Commons，CC BY-SA。 / Photo: The National Gallery of Australia building in Canberra. Via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA.
