加拿大发布二十多年来首份国家安全战略：经济安全居首 对美关系定位「合作而清醒」
渥太华—加拿大总理马克·卡尼10月29日公布《建设更强大的加拿大计划：为了加拿大人的国家安全》，这是加拿大二十多年来首份综合性国家安全战略，也是该国历史上第二份国家安全战略，上一次是2004年 Paul Martin 政府的《确保开放社会》。
新战略把经济安全列为五条工作线的第一位，其余四条为外交政策、国防政策、公共安全与情报。文件提出要在八个战略领域建立加拿大自己的能力：新兴技术、关键矿产、国防、能源、交通、制药与生物技术、粮食安全以及金融体系。
对美国关系上，战略把对美方针定为「合作而清醒」，强调相互尊重、国家主权与共同承担北美安全责任，同时提出要多元化加拿大的外交、经贸与防务关系，降低过度依赖单一伙伴带来的脆弱性。防务开支方面，文件重申加拿大的路径：从2025至26年度约占国内生产总值2%的水平，提高到2035年达到北约5%的国防投资承诺。
加拿大政府说，这份总战略之后还将陆续出台外交、国防、公共安全、经济安全与情报五份配套政策，外交政策预计先行；政府并承诺此后每四年更新一次国家安全战略。战略公布当天正值加欧峰会在蒙特利尔举行，加拿大与欧盟同时宣布了面向未来的联盟安排。
（来源：加拿大政府）
Canada Unveils First National Security Strategy in More Than 20 Years, Putting Economic Security First
OTTAWA — Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney unveiled "The Plan for a Stronger Canada: National Security for Canadians" on October 29, the country's first comprehensive national security strategy in more than 20 years and only the second in its history, the previous one being "Securing an Open Society," released by Paul Martin's government in 2004.
The new strategy puts economic security first among five lines of effort, the others being foreign policy, defence policy, public safety and intelligence. It identifies eight strategic sectors in which Canada intends to build its own capabilities: emerging technologies, critical minerals, defence, energy, transportation, pharmaceuticals and biotechnology, food security, and the financial system.
On the United States, the strategy describes Canada's approach as cooperative and clear-eyed, based on mutual respect, national sovereignty and shared responsibility for the security of North America, while also calling for diversified diplomatic, trade and defence relationships so that excessive dependence on a single partner does not leave Canada exposed. On defence spending, it restates Canada's path from about 2 percent of GDP in 2025-26 toward NATO's 5 percent defence investment commitment by 2035.
The government said five follow-on policies, on foreign policy, defence, public safety, economic security and intelligence, will be released in sequence under the framework, with the foreign policy expected first, and committed to renewing the national security strategy every four years. The release coincided with an EU-Canada summit in Montreal, at which Canada and the European Union also announced a Canada-EU Alliance for the Future.
(Source: Government of Canada)
来源：加拿大政府
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：加拿大总理马克·卡尼，2025年5月访问华盛顿白宫期间摄（资料图）。白宫官方照片，公共领域，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Photo: Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney during his visit to the White House in Washington in May 2025 (file photo). White House photo, public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.
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