夏威夷州收入不平等低于全美：UHERO研究称2024年基尼系数0.41对0.45，80/20收入比降至2.8
夏威夷州檀香山消息：夏威夷大学经济研究组织（UHERO）10月27日发表的分析显示，夏威夷的收入分配比全美整体更平均。2024年夏威夷的基尼系数为0.41，低于全美的0.45；作者认为，这部分源于夏威夷极高收入者相对较少，缺少大型科技与金融产业。
该研究由UHERO教授彼得·富莱基（Peter Fuleky）与夏威夷大学马诺阿分校经济学博士生瓦妮莎·佩皮诺（Vanessa Pepino）撰写，采用基尼系数与80/20收入比两项指标。第80百分位收入者2024年的收入约为第20百分位者的2.8倍，这一比值已从2012年的3.2收窄。
研究指出，两项指标讲述的故事并不相同：夏威夷顶端收入相对较低，压低了总体不平等得分；而中上收入群体的收入相对较强，使80与20百分位之间的差距仍显突出。报告将差距收窄归因于州最低工资上调、较高的工会化程度、政府补助以及帮助低薪劳动者加薪的强劲劳动力市场等因素。
来源：GSM·美国
Hawaii Income Inequality Below U.S. Level: UHERO Puts 2024 Gini at 0.41 vs. 0.45, 80/20 Ratio at 2.8
HONOLULU, Hawaii — Hawaii has a more even distribution of income than the nation overall, according to a University of Hawaii Economic Research Organization (UHERO) analysis published Oct. 27. Hawaii's Gini coefficient in 2024 was 0.41, compared with 0.45 nationally, which the authors attributed in part to Hawaii having fewer extremely high earners than states with major technology and finance industries.
The UHERO Insights article, by UHERO Professor Peter Fuleky and University of Hawaii at Manoa economics PhD candidate Vanessa Pepino, used two measures of inequality. On the second measure, Hawaii earners at the 80th percentile earned about 2.8 times as much as those at the 20th percentile in 2024 — a ratio that has narrowed from 3.2 in 2012.
The report explained that the two measures can tell different stories: Hawaii's relatively lower incomes at the very top reduce its overall inequality score, while comparatively strong earnings among upper-middle-income households widen the 80/20 gap. The narrowing gap reflects factors including increases in the state minimum wage, relatively high unionization, government assistance and stronger labor markets that raised wages for lower-paid workers.
Source: GSM·USA
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：图：Dean Hall, University of Hawaiʻi.jpg（CC BY-SA 4.0，Wikimedia Commons）。Photo: Dean Hall, University of Hawaiʻi.jpg (CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons).
