十月全国听力保护月：CDC与NIOSH联合倡导防噪声护听力 全美每年2200万工人暴露于有害噪声
10月是美国的全国听力保护月（National Protect Your Hearing Month），由美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）及其下属的国家职业安全卫生研究所（NIOSH）主办，旨在提醒公众：噪声导致的听力损失几乎总是可以预防的。
据 NIOSH 数据，全美每年约有2200万名工人在工作中暴露于有害噪声水平。反复暴露于85分贝（dBA）及以上的声音可造成永久性听力损失，并与耳鸣、高血压和心血管疾病相关；高噪声还会掩盖警报与口头警告，增加工伤事故风险。CDC 指出，噪声性听力损失是不可逆的，但可以100%预防；约15%的6至19岁青少年已出现听力受损迹象，暴露于有害噪声的工人中约有53%未佩戴听力防护装备。
今年宣传月期间，官方与行业组织倡导的防护要点包括：调低耳机、电视与音响的音量，耳机遵循「60/60」原则（音量不超过60%、单次不超过60分钟）；身处演唱会、体育赛事、烟花或电动工具等高噪声环境时佩戴耳塞或耳罩；儿童使用带音量限制功能的耳机；也可使用 NIOSH 免费的声音测量应用判断环境噪声是否超标。
来源：GSM·美国
October Is National Protect Your Hearing Month: CDC and NIOSH Warn Noise-Induced Hearing Loss Is Permanent but Preventable
October is National Protect Your Hearing Month in the United States, an observance sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and its National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) to raise awareness that noise-induced hearing loss is nearly always preventable.
According to NIOSH, about 22 million U.S. workers are exposed to hazardous noise levels at work each year. Repeated exposure to sounds at or above 85 A-weighted decibels (dBA) can cause permanent hearing loss and is associated with tinnitus, high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease; high noise can also mask alarms and verbal warnings, raising the risk of workplace accidents. The CDC notes that noise-induced hearing loss is permanent but 100% preventable; about 15% of young people ages 6 to 19 show signs of impaired hearing, and roughly 53% of workers exposed to hazardous noise do not wear hearing protection.
Protective steps promoted during this year's observance include turning down the volume on headphones, TVs and stereos; following the 60/60 rule for earbuds (no more than 60% volume for no longer than 60 minutes at a time); wearing earplugs or earmuffs at concerts, sporting events, fireworks and around power tools; choosing volume-limiting headphones for children; and using NIOSH's free sound level meter app to check whether nearby noise is hazardous.
Source: GSM · USA
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：机场地勤人员佩戴防护耳罩在停机坪作业（示意）。照片：美国国防部公共领域照片（Wikimedia Commons）
