农业部更新牲畜强制报告制度：10月26日起新增五州合并现金牛价格报告，提高市场透明度
美国农业部（USDA）10月21日宣布，更新其农业营销局（AMS）的牲畜强制报告（Livestock Mandatory Reporting，LMR）现金牛报告制度，以提高牛肉市场价格信息的透明度与一致性。此举落实特朗普总统关于支持美国牧场主、促进牲畜市场公平竞争与扩大美国肉类生产者市场准入的行政令要求。
农业部长 Brooke Rollins 表示：「特朗普总统要求本部为牛肉市场带来清晰与一致，并保护牧场主的生存空间，今天的行动是我们兑现这一承诺的若干步骤之一。可靠、透明的价格信息对运转良好的牛肉市场至关重要。」农业部称，随着行业采购方式转向公式定价，协商现金交易占比已从2005年的五成以上降至2025年的不到18%；由于大量公式交易以现金价格为基准，可报告交易减少带来了数据保密方面的难题。
新安排自2026年10月26日（周一）下午报告起实施：AMS 将新增一份区域合并报告，把 Colorado、德克萨斯州、New Mexico、Oklahoma 与 Kansas 五州的现有 LMR 数据合并发布，被覆盖的肉类加工企业无需额外填报。农业部表示，此举可让生产者、卖家、加工企业与市场参与者更清楚地了解协商现金牛的价格。
（据农业部新闻稿）
USDA Updates Livestock Mandatory Reporting: New Five-State Cash Cattle Report From October 26 to Boost Market Transparency
The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) on October 21 announced an update to the Agricultural Marketing Service's (AMS) Livestock Mandatory Reporting (LMR) cash cattle reports, aimed at increasing transparency and consistency in cattle market price information. The action advances President Trump's executive orders on supporting American ranchers and promoting fair competition in livestock markets and expanding market access for American meat producers.
Secretary of Agriculture Brooke Rollins said President Trump tasked the department with bringing clarity and consistency to cattle markets and protecting rancher viability, and that reliable, transparent price information is critical to a well-functioning cattle market. USDA said negotiated cash trade has fallen sharply as industry practices shifted toward formula-based purchasing: cash purchases dropped from over 50 percent of transactions in 2005 to under 18 percent in 2025. Because those cash purchases form the baseline for many formula transactions, the drop limited reportable transactions and created confidentiality challenges.
Beginning with the afternoon reports on Monday, October 26, 2026, AMS will introduce an additional regional report combining existing LMR data from Colorado, Texas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Kansas. Covered packers will not be required to do any extra reporting.
(Based on the USDA press release)
来源：农业部
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：美国牧场牛群资料图。图：经开放授权图库。 / File photo: cattle on an American ranch. Via an open-license library.
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