联邦上诉法院裁定俄克拉荷马州可在部落土地实施环境监 管
联邦第十巡回上诉法院10月16日以2比1裁定，俄克拉荷马州有权在包括保留地在内的辖区内执行联邦委托的环境监管权限，且无需强制与部落进行协商。案件由波尼族（PawneeNation）提起诉讼，此前共有16个部落要求联邦环保署重新考量。
回顾历程：环保署于2020年McGirt案裁决后授予该州相关权限，2021年环保署一度撤回重审，2025年1月附部落协商条件批准、同年5月取消条件重新批准。此次裁定不影响个别部落成员的信托土地，但覆盖包括塔尔萨（Tulsa）在内的俄克拉荷马州东部大部分保留地。
州长凯文·斯蒂特（Kevin Stitt）10月20日发表声明欢迎裁定，称，这是"四百万俄克拉荷马人的明确胜利"，并强调McGirt案并未抹去州政府的民事、税务与环境管辖权。部落方面对裁定表示失望，后续是否上诉尚未公布。
Tenth Circuit Rules Oklahoma May Run Environmental Programs on Tribal Land; Stitt Welcomes Ruling
The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit ruled 2 to 1 on October 16 that Oklahoma may administer federally delegated environmental programs across the state, including on reservation land, without a mandatory tribal consultation condition, dismissing the Pawnee Nation's challenge.
Governor Kevin Stitt welcomed the ruling in a statement on October 20. The decision rests on Section 10211(a) of the 2005 federal transportation law — the so-called "midnight rider" — and covers 26 federal environmental programs.
After the Supreme Court's 2020 McGirt decision, the EPA first approved Oklahoma's request, withdrew it for reconsideration in 2021, approved it with a tribal consultation condition in January 2025, then re-approved it without the condition in May 2025; the Pawnee Nation sued. Sixteen tribes had asked the EPA to reconsider.
Judge Federico dissented. Tribal leaders expressed disappointment, and further appeals have not been announced.
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：俄克拉荷马城航拍（图片：Wikimedia Commons）/ Aerial view of Oklahoma City (Photo: Wikimedia Commons)
GSM Global · 本篇英文版 English edition of this story
