世界脊髓灰质炎日10月24日到来：野生病毒仅剩阿富汗与巴基斯坦两国流行，CDC 参与全球根除行动
10月24日是世界脊髓灰质炎日（World Polio Day）。该纪念日由国际扶轮社（Rotary International）设立，以纪念研制出首支脊髓灰质炎疫苗的 Jonas Salk 的生日，此后每年由世界卫生组织（WHO）、联合国儿童基金会（UNICEF）、美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）等机构共同纪念，是全球根除脊髓灰质炎倡议（GPEI）的主要宣传节点。
全球根除脊髓灰质炎倡议于1988年启动时，全球每年约有35万例病例；经过30多年的疫苗接种努力，野生脊髓灰质炎病毒的传播已减少99%以上，目前仅在国外的阿富汗与巴基斯坦两国仍有本土流行。美国自1979年以来未再出现野生病毒病例；2022年，纽约州曾报告一例疫苗衍生病毒导致的瘫痪病例，患者为一名未接种疫苗的成年人。
CDC 是全球根除脊髓灰质炎倡议的核心伙伴之一，通过其全球免疫项目向各国提供实验室与监测支持。该纪念日于每年10月24日举行，各国卫生机构与扶轮社等组织会同步开展疫苗接种宣传活动。
World Polio Day Arrives October 24: Wild Poliovirus Remains Endemic Only in Afghanistan and Pakistan as the CDC Joins the Global Eradication Effort
October 24 is World Polio Day. The observance was established by Rotary International to commemorate the birthday of Jonas Salk, who led the team that developed the first polio vaccine, and is marked each year by the World Health Organization (WHO), UNICEF, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and other partners as the flagship awareness day of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI).
When the initiative was launched in 1988, polio paralyzed an estimated 350,000 children a year worldwide. After more than three decades of immunization work, transmission of the wild poliovirus has fallen by more than 99 percent, and the virus remains endemic in only two countries, Afghanistan and Pakistan. The United States has been free of wild poliovirus since 1979; in 2022, New York State reported one paralytic case caused by a vaccine-derived poliovirus in an unvaccinated adult.
The CDC is one of the initiative's core partners, providing laboratory and surveillance support to countries through its global immunization program. The day is observed every October 24, with health agencies and Rotary clubs around the world holding vaccination awareness activities.
来源：GSM·美国（原文链接）
图片来源：国外印度一名儿童接受口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗（资料图）。照片：Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 摄，Public domain，经维基共享资源。 / A child receiving oral polio vaccine in India (file photo). Photo by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.
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