能源部动用东北取暖油储备：最多交换31.5万桶取暖燃油，11月13日前交付东北三处储点
华盛顿——美国能源部（DOE）10月21日宣布，就东北取暖油储备（NEHHOR）发出招标公告，拟以交换方式最多释出31.5万桶超低硫馏分油（取暖燃油），以缓解正在扰乱燃油供应的供应链问题。东北取暖油储备总量约100万桶，存放在美国东北部的商业储油设施内。
按交换条款，借油企业必须归还同等数量的燃油并加付溢价，确保该储备在2027—2028年取暖季之前得到补充。能源部说，此次交换的燃油将从缅因州 South Portland、马萨诸塞州波士顿（Boston）和康涅狄格州 New Haven 的三处储存点出库，全部转运与交付定于2026年11月13日前完成。
能源部长 Chris Wright 在声明中说，特朗普政府致力于尽一切努力降低美国民众的能源成本；他在收到联邦参议员 Susan Collins 与 Angus King 的来信、并与 Collins 深入商讨后，指示能源部动用储备中的燃油，以缓解今冬取暖油成本上升的问题。他说，这只是应对暂时供应中断的临时措施，并呼吁纽约与 New England 各州州长与特朗普政府合作，推进 Constitution 天然气管道、以低成本天然气替代取暖油。
招标细则显示，单份投标数量最少2.5万桶、最多3万桶，每个储存点可供交换的数量不超过15万桶，投标方可以提交多份投标；能源部表示，燃油零售商与储油码头运营方均可参与竞标，以保证燃油能流向出现短缺的地区。投标截止时间为10月27日中部时间上午11时。
Collins 10月21日发表声明对这一决定表示欢迎。她说，缅因州约半数家庭靠燃油取暖，她此前一直敦促政府动用一切工具增加供应、压低能源价格，能源部预计此次释油将对取暖油成本形成下行压力。据路透社报道，Collins 称此次释出相当于为 New England 增加约13%的供应；报道还说，美国柴油零售均价近日约为每加仑6.32美元，东北地区馏分油库存处于季节性历史低位。
Energy Department to Exchange Up to 315,000 Barrels from Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve, Deliveries by November 13
WASHINGTON — The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) announced on October 21 a request for proposals for an exchange of up to 315,000 barrels of ultra-low sulfur distillate (heating fuel oil) from the Northeast Home Heating Oil Reserve (NEHHOR), structured to mitigate supply chain challenges disrupting fuel oil supply. The reserve holds about 1 million barrels in commercial storage facilities across the Northeast.
Under the terms of the exchange, borrowing companies must return the same volume of fuel oil plus a premium, ensuring the reserve is refilled ahead of the 2027-2028 heating season. DOE said the fuel will be exchanged from storage sites in South Portland, Maine; Boston, Massachusetts; and New Haven, Connecticut, with all transfers and deliveries scheduled to be completed by November 13, 2026.
In a statement, Secretary of Energy Chris Wright said the Trump Administration is committed to doing everything in its power to lower energy costs for the American people, and that after receiving a letter from Senators Susan Collins and Angus King and extensive discussions with Collins, he directed the department to exchange barrels from the reserve to mitigate heightened home heating oil costs during the coming winter. He called it a temporary measure to solve a temporary supply disruption, and urged the governors of New York and New England to work with the administration to build the Constitution Pipeline and replace home heating oil with low-cost natural gas.
The solicitation sets a minimum offer quantity of 25,000 barrels and a maximum of 30,000 barrels per offer, with no more than 150,000 barrels available per site; offerors may submit multiple offers. DOE said both fuel retailers and terminal holders can take part in the competitive bidding process so product can flow into areas facing shortages. Bids are due by 11:00 a.m. Central Time on Tuesday, October 27, 2026.
Senator Collins welcomed the decision in a statement on October 21, saying about half of Maine households rely on fuel oil to heat their homes and that she had repeatedly urged the administration to use every tool to increase supply and lower prices; DOE expects the release to put downward pressure on home heating oil costs. According to Reuters, Collins said the release equals a 13 percent supply increase for New England, and U.S. retail diesel prices have averaged about $6.32 a gallon in recent days, with Northeast distillate stocks at seasonally record-low levels.
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：美国能源部原油储罐航拍（资料图，Texas 州 Nederland 附近的 Sunoco 码头）。照片：美国能源部（DOE），公共领域，经 Wikimedia Commons。 / Aerial view of U.S. Department of Energy crude oil storage tanks at the Sunoco terminal near Nederland, Texas (file photo). Photo: U.S. Department of Energy, public domain, via Wikimedia Commons.
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