联邦航空局认证波音737-10：737 MAX家族最大机型获准交付
美国联邦航空局（Federal Aviation Administration, FAA）10月20日为波音737-10颁发修订版型号合格证，波音公司同日宣布这一消息：737 MAX家族中最新、最大的机型就此完成认证，波音可在未来数月内开始向客户交付。据路透社报道，交通部长 Sean Duffy 当天前往位于华盛顿州 Everett 的波音工厂，出席这项认证的宣布活动。
波音称，737-10的认证计划包括近1,000次试飞、总计2,000多个飞行小时与1,000个地面测试小时，以及数万页文件和与联邦航空局的多轮正式会议。该机型是首款按2020年《飞机认证、安全与问责法》（ACSAA）全部要求完成认证的商用飞机，该法要求加强安全评估文件与人因评估。机型还引入一套增强型迎角（Angle-of-Attack）系统，该系统将成为整个737 MAX家族的标准配置。
波音民用飞机集团总裁兼首席执行官 Stephanie Pope 说：“完成认证计划，为我们交付一款将为商用航空设立新标准的波音飞机扫清了道路。737-10拥有更大的运力、更长的航程与同级最佳的每座经济性。”737飞机研发项目副总裁兼总经理 Chris Payne 说，试飞团队以严谨、有条不紊的测试验证了每一个系统。据《华尔街日报》报道，交通部长 Sean Duffy 在声明中说：“经过包括数千小时试飞在内的广泛安全审查，联邦航空局团队已准备好批准这款关键机型上市销售。”据路透社报道，联邦航空局局长 Bryan Bedford 说，该局的决定源于对飞机设计与安全要求的全面审查，“我们将继续以最高安全标准要求波音”。
在性能与订单方面，737-10两级客舱构型通常可载客185至210人，最大构型为230人，航程可达3,100海里（5,740公里），燃油消耗与二氧化碳排放较上一代机型降低20%，波音称其每座成本为在役单通道飞机中最低。全球30多家客户已订购1,555架737-10，占737 MAX项目当前未交付订单的30%以上；737 MAX全家族累计订单达7,350架，截至2026年9月底已交付近2,500架。同属该家族的最小机型737-7已于今年8月获联邦航空局认证。
据路透社报道，737-10原计划于2020年开始交付，其后因2018年与2019年两起737 MAX致命坠机事故（共346人遇难）后监管审查全面收紧而延误多年。认证临近尾声时，一个自动飞行引导软件问题一度引发评估，联邦航空局审查后认定其不构成安全问题（据《华尔街日报》报道）。随着737-10获颁证书，737 MAX家族的737-7、737-8、737-8-200、737-9与737-10五个机型已全部完成认证。
737-10的主要客户包括 United Airlines、Alaska Airlines、Delta Air Lines、American Airlines 与 Ryanair 等航空公司；波音今年7月刚在其 Everett 工厂新开一条737生产线，以提高该系列产量。
FAA Certifies Boeing 737-10, the Largest 737 MAX, Clearing Way for Deliveries
The U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) on October 20 issued an amended type certificate for the Boeing 737-10, Boeing announced the same day, completing certification of the newest and largest member of the 737 MAX family and clearing the way for Boeing to begin deliveries in the coming months. Transportation Secretary Sean Duffy traveled to Boeing's factory in Everett, Washington, on Tuesday for the announcement, according to Reuters.
Boeing said the 737-10 certification program included nearly 1,000 test flights totaling more than 2,000 flight hours, plus 1,000 ground test hours, tens of thousands of pages of documentation and many hours of formal meetings with the FAA. The airplane is the first commercial jet certified to the full extent of the 2020 Aircraft Certification, Safety, and Accountability Act (ACSAA), which mandated enhanced documentation of safety assessments and human factors evaluations. The model also introduces an enhanced Angle-of-Attack system that will become standard across the 737 MAX family.
"Completing the certification program clears the path for us to deliver a Boeing airplane that will set a new standard in commercial aviation. The 737-10 offers greater capacity, longer range and the best seat economics in its class," said Stephanie Pope, president and CEO of Boeing Commercial Airplanes. Chris Payne, vice president and general manager of 737 Airplane Development Programs, said the flight test team ran a disciplined, methodical campaign to validate every system. "After extensive safety reviews, including thousands of hours of test flights, the team at the FAA is ready to approve this critical aircraft for sale," Transportation Secretary Sean Duffy said in a statement, according to The Wall Street Journal. FAA Administrator Bryan Bedford said the decision followed a thorough review of the aircraft's design and safety requirements, adding, "We will continue to hold Boeing to the highest safety standards," according to Reuters.
The 737-10 will typically seat 185 to 210 passengers in a two-class configuration, and up to 230 in maximum configuration, with a range of up to 3,100 nautical miles (5,740 km) and a 20 percent reduction in fuel use and carbon emissions compared with older-generation jets; Boeing says it has the lowest per-seat costs of any single-aisle airplane in service. More than 30 customers worldwide have ordered 1,555 of the model, more than 30 percent of the 737 MAX program's current unfilled order book. Total orders for the MAX family stand at 7,350 airplanes, of which nearly 2,500 had been delivered through the end of September 2026. The smallest family member, the 737-7, was certified by the FAA in August of this year.
The 737-10 was originally planned to begin deliveries in 2020, according to Reuters, but was delayed for years as regulatory scrutiny intensified after two fatal 737 MAX crashes in 2018 and 2019 that killed 346 people. Near the end of the process, a software glitch in the automated flight guidance system prompted a further review, which the FAA concluded was not a safety issue, according to The Wall Street Journal. With the 737-10 certified, all five members of the family, the 737-7, 737-8, 737-8-200, 737-9 and 737-10, have now completed certification.
Major 737-10 customers include United Airlines, Alaska Airlines, Delta Air Lines, American Airlines and Ryanair; Boeing opened a new 737 production line at its Everett plant in July to raise output of the family.
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
图片来源：图：波音737 MAX飞机（波音公司官方发布图）。波音公司经 PR Newswire 发布／Photo: A Boeing 737 MAX aircraft (official Boeing image). Boeing via PR Newswire
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