德州冻结数据中心环保许可：环境质量委员会全面暂停审批 其合规报告10月19日到期
德克萨斯州州长 Greg Abbott 9月21日下达指令，要求州环境质量委员会（TCEQ）暂停核发一切数据中心环境许可，包括空气、废水与雨水排放等审批，直至州电网运营商 ERCOT 完成并网审计。在审计完成之前，其他州级机构也不得推进数据中心相关审批。
指令同时为数据中心项目设下一系列条件：项目须自行承担100%的电力基础设施成本、不得占用社区用水、必须全面申报电力与用水量，并遵守地方的退缩距离要求。Abbott 还表示，将与州议会合作取消数据中心的全部财政激励。
据多家律所对该指令的分析，TCEQ 须在10月19日（周一）前向州长提交进度与合规报告，ERCOT 的审计则覆盖并网负荷在25兆瓦以上的项目。此次全州范围的许可冻结，在美国各州对数据中心抢滩电网与水资源的争议中属罕见动作，科技公司的建厂计划与地方社区的资源分配预期都将受影响。
Texas Freezes Environmental Permits for Data Centers; Regulator's Compliance Report Due October 19
Texas Governor Greg Abbott issued a directive on September 21 ordering the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) to halt all environmental permits for data centers — covering air, wastewater and stormwater approvals — until grid operator ERCOT completes its interconnection audit. Until the audit is done, no state agency may advance data-center approvals.
The directive also attaches strict conditions: projects must cover 100% of their own power infrastructure costs, may not draw on community water supplies, must report all power and water use, and must comply with local setback rules. Abbott also said he would work with the Legislature to eliminate all financial incentives for data centers.
According to analyses by several law firms, TCEQ must submit a progress and compliance report to the governor by Monday, October 19, and ERCOT's audit covers interconnection loads of 25 megawatts or more. The statewide permit freeze is an unusual step in the national debate over data centers' demand on grids and water, and is expected to affect both tech companies' construction plans and local communities.
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图片来源：数据中心内部（资料图）。图：BalticServers／Wikimedia Commons，CC BY-SA 3.0。Inside a data center (file photo). Photo: BalticServers / Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 3.0.
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