NASA公布Artemis II热盾飞行后分析：炭化脱落点仅9处 较无人首飞103处大幅减少
华盛顿——美国国家航空航天局（NASA）公布对 Artemis II 载人绕月任务热盾的严谨飞行后分析，确认这块保护四名宇航员再入大气层的热盾表现符合预期。Artemis II 于2026年4月10日溅落返航，指令长 Reid Wiseman、飞行员 Victor Glover、任务专家 Christina Koch 与加拿大航天局宇航员 Jeremy Hansen 完成首次 Orion 飞船载人绕月飞行。
工程师历时数月检查发现，Artemis II 热盾上出现9处炭化材料脱落点位，较2022年无人首飞 Artemis I 的103处大幅减少；NASA 采用更短的再入轨迹后，热盾开裂情况减少约九成。Orion 热盾直径16.5英尺（约5米），是同类载人飞船热盾中最大的，再入时承受超过4,000华氏度的高温。Artemis I 返航时热盾曾出现超出预期的块状脱落，这一问题曾是载人首飞前最受关注的安全议题。
NASA 表示，此次验证为后续载人登月飞行奠定了基础，相关数据将用于 Artemis 后续任务的热防护设计与再入轨迹规划。
信息来源：NASA 飞行后分析（经 Phys.org 等科学新闻渠道发布）
NASA Analysis Confirms Artemis II Heat Shield Performance: 9 Char-Loss Spots Versus 103 on Artemis I
WASHINGTON — NASA has released a rigorous post-flight analysis confirming that the Artemis II heat shield performed as predicted, protecting four astronauts during reentry after the first crewed Orion flight around the Moon. Artemis II splashed down on April 10, 2026, carrying Commander Reid Wiseman, Pilot Victor Glover, Mission Specialist Christina Koch and Canadian Space Agency astronaut Jeremy Hansen.
After months of inspection, engineers found nine char-loss spots on the Artemis II heat shield, down sharply from 103 on the uncrewed Artemis I flight in 2022, after a shorter reentry trajectory cut cracking roughly tenfold. The Orion heat shield, at 16.5 feet (5 meters) in diameter the largest of its kind flown on a crewed mission, withstood temperatures above 4,000 degrees Fahrenheit. Unexpected char loss on Artemis I had been the top safety question hanging over the first crewed flight.
NASA said the verified performance lays a foundation for crewed flights to the lunar surface, and that the data will inform thermal protection and reentry planning for later Artemis missions.
Source: NASA post-flight analysis, reported via Phys.org
发布：GSM·美国（发布链接）
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